1. Genetic Testing and Gene Therapy  Catalyst (on a sheet of loose leaf) 1. Does the pedigree to the right show a disorder that is dominant or recessive? EXPLAIN how you know. 2. Why do you think this frog has six legs?  Weekly Goal!

2. Wazzam  Catalyst  Biotechnology and Genes  WWYD? (What Would You Do?)  Exit Question

3. SWBAT…  Explain the pros and cons of genetic testing and gene therapy  Develop and communicate their own opinion on biotechnology for certain situations

4. Biotechnology  Biotechnology = technology based on life  Medicines  Genetic testing  Gene therapy  Cloning  Stem cell research

6. Human Genome Project  Key Point #1: In 2003, scientists created a map of the human genome  Genome = all your genetic information  Scientists determined the sequence of bases that make up human DNA in five test subjects

7. Genetic Testing  Key Point #2: Genetic testing allows individuals to know the content of their genes  Actionable disorders Mutant BRCA gene = 85% risk of breast cancer Early treatments (mammogram, hormone therapy, mastectomy)  Non-actionable disorders What if you have the gene for Alzheimer’s disease? No treatment. Do you still want to know?

8. Genetic counseling  Genetic counseling  You and your partner submit DNA for testing  Find out how likely it is that your child will inherit a genetic disorder  Family planning  Do you want to conceive a child or adopt?  Early treatment

9. Gene Therapy  Key Point #3: In gene therapy, scientists insert genes into patients' cells to treat a disease  Germ line gene therapy = alter sperm/eggs so that future children will not have genetic disorder  Somatic gene therapy = insert new genes into YOUR body cells to fix a genetic disorder Only way to help people already born Risk of causing genetic problems if done incorrectly

10.  WHO determines what is good and what is bad?  Will people in power be FAIR to those who are not?  What happens to those who are deemed genetically NOT GOOD ENOUGH? Eugenics  Eugenics = practice of encouraging “good genes” and getting rid of “bad” ones.  Sounds great, right?  Prevent suffering by eliminating genetic disorders  Save money by not having to research/treat these disorders  Stronger people in society could push boundaries in unknown ways  Healthier, happier people

11. Biotechnology is good. And bad.  We need to critically think about what we are doing and analyze the positive AND negatives of what is going on.

12. Scenario 1  Counsyl, a genetics company, recently developed a home test for genetic disorders. If two individuals submit a bit of saliva, Counsyl will tell them how likely their children are to have any of 100+ genetic disorders.  Why would some people want to be tested?  Why would some people not want to be tested?  Which side do you agree with? Explain why.

13. Scenario 2  With a simple genetic test, women can find out whether they possess a mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene. Women with mutated BRCA genes have about an 80% risk of developing breast cancer.  Why would some women want to have the test?  Why would some women not want to have the test?  Which side do you agree with? Explain why. (If you’re a man, pretend that you’re a woman.)

14. Scenario 3  Scientists have developed a test to determine if you have the gene for Huntington’s Disease. People affected with Huntington’s Disease gradually lose control of their body and mind. There is no cure.  Why would some people want to be tested for this gene?  Why would some people not want to be tested for this gene?  Which side do you agree with? Explain why.

15. Scenario 4  In 2009, scientists succeeded in giving a squirrel color vision by inserting a new gene into its cells. Scientists hope to be able to do the same thing to humans in the near future.  What type of gene therapy is this?  Why would some people support this research?  Why would some people not support this research?  Which side do you agree with? Explain why.

16. Scenario 5  Many people believe that, in the future, we will be able to alter the genes in sperm and egg cells to create “designer babies” – parents will be able to pick and choose their children’s traits.  What type of gene therapy is this?  Why would some people want designer babies?  Why would some people not want designer babies?  Which side do you agree with? Explain why.

17. Homework(¶ = Paragraph)  Your task: EXPLAIN to someone not in this class (such as a relative) how genetic testing, germ line gene therapy, and somatic gene therapy work.  1 ¶: Explain how EACH technology works  1 ¶: Identify why someone might agree with EACH technology, and why someone might disagree with EACH technology  1 ¶: Explain whether you agree or disagree with EACH of these technologies yourself.

18. Key Point Wrap-Up  Key Point #1: In 2003, scientists created a map of the human genome  Key Point #2: Genetic testing allows individuals to know the content of their genes  Key Point #3: In gene therapy, scientists insert genes into patients' cells to treat a disease  Germ line gene therapy = insert genes into sperm/eggs  Somatic gene therapy = insert new genes into body cells

19. Exit Question 1. Alzheimer’s is an incurable and fatal genetic disorder. Patients suffer from memory loss, and the loss of the ability to control their bodies.  Would you want to be tested for Alzheimer’s? Explain why or why not. 2. Imagine that scientists could cure Alzheimer’s by inserting new genes into your body cells.  What type of gene therapy would this be?  Why would some people support this treatment? Why would other people oppose it? Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Exit Question!