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Chapter 16 Opener
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Figure 25.7 Hierarchical classification
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In-Text Art, Ch. 16, p. 316 (1)
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In-Text Art, Ch. 16, p. 316 (2)
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In-Text Art, Ch. 16, p. 316 (3)
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In-Text Art, Ch. 16, p. 316 (4)
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In-Text Art, Ch. 16, p. 317
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Figure 16.1 Clades Represent All the Descendants of a Common Ancestor
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Figure 16.2 The Bones Are Homologous, the Wings Are Not
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Figure 25.10 Convergent evolution and analogous structures
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Figure 16.2 The Bones Are Homologous, the Wings Are Not
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Table 16.1 Eight Vertebrates and the Presence or Absence of Some Shared Derived Traits
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Figure 16.3 Inferring a Phylogenetic Tree
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Figure 25.12 Cladistics and taxonomy
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Apply the Concept, Ch. 16, p. 320
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Figure 16.4 The Chordate Connection
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Figure 16.4 The Chordate Connection (Part 1)
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Figure 16.4 The Chordate Connection (Part 2)
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Figure 16.4 The Chordate Connection (Part 3)
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Figure 16.4 The Chordate Connection (Part 4)
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Figure 16.5 The Accuracy of Phylogenetic Analysis
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Figure 16.5 The Accuracy of Phylogenetic Analysis (Part 1)
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Figure 16.5 The Accuracy of Phylogenetic Analysis (Part 2)
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Figure 16.6 A Portion of the Leptosiphon Phylogeny
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Figure 16.7 Phylogenetic Tree of Immunodeficiency Viruses
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Figure 16.8 The Origin of a Sexually Selected Trait
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Figure 16.9 A Molecular Clock of the Protein Hemoglobin
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Figure 16.10 Dating the Origin of HIV-1 in Human Populations
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Figure 16.10 Dating the Origin of HIV-1 in Human Populations (Part 1)
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Figure 16.10 Dating the Origin of HIV-1 in Human Populations (Part 2)
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Figure 16.11 Monophyletic, Polyphyletic, and Paraphyletic Groups
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Figure 16.12 Same Common Name, Not the Same Species
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Apply the Concept, Ch. 16, p. 330
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Figure 16.13 Evolution of Fluorescent Proteins of Corals
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Figure 25.5 Diversity of life and periods of mass extinction
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Figure 25.8 The connection between classification and phylogeny
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Unnumbered Figure (page 494) Cladograms
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Figure 25.9 Monophyletic versus paraphyletic and polyphyletic groups
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Figure 25.10 Convergent evolution and analogous structures
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Figure 25.13 Aligning segments of DNA
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Figure 25.11 Constructing a cladogram
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Figure 25.12 Cladistics and taxonomy
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Figure 25.14 Simplified versions of a four-species problem in phylogenetics
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Figure 25.15a Parsimony and molecular systematics
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Figure 25.15b Parsimony and molecular systematics (Layer 1)
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Figure 25.15b Parsimony and molecular systematics (Layer 2)
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Figure 25.15b Parsimony and molecular systematics (Layer 3)
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Figure 25.16 Parsimony and the analogy-versus-homology pitfall
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Figure 25.17 Dating the origin of HIV-1 M with a molecular clock
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Figure 25.18 Modern systematics is shaking some phylogenetic trees
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Figure 25.19 When did most major mammalian orders originate?
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Figure 26.1 Some major episodes in the history of life
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Figure 26.15 Whittaker’s five-kingdom system
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Figure 27.12 Contrasting hypotheses for the taxonomic distribution of photosynthesis among prokaryotes
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Figure 27.13 Some major groups of prokaryotes
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Figure 28.6 Traditional hypothesis for how the three domains of life are related
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Figure 28.7 An alternative hypothesis for how the three domains of life are related
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Figure 28.8 A tentative phylogeny of eukaryotes
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Figure 29.1 Some highlights of plant evolution
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Figure 30.4 Hypothetical phylogeny of the seed plants
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Figure 32.4 A traditional view of animal diversity based on body-plan grades
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Figure 32.1 Early embryonic development (Layer 1)
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Figure 32.1 Early embryonic development (Layer 2)
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Figure 32.1 Early embryonic development (Layer 3)
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Figure 32.2 A choanoflagellate colony
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Figure 32.3 One hypothesis for the origin of animals from a flagellated protist
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Figure 32.4 A traditional view of animal diversity based on body-plan grades
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Figure 32.5 Body symmetry
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Figure 32.6 Body plans of the bilateria
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Figure 32.7 A comparison of early development in protostomes and deuterostomes
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Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA
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Figure 32.9 A trochophore larva
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Figure 32.10 Ecdysis
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Figure 32.11 A lophophorate
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Figure 32.12 Comparing the molecular based and grade-based trees of animal phylogeny
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Figure 32.14 One Cambrian explosion, or three?
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Figure 34.1 Clades of extant chordates
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Figure 26.11 Abiotic replication of RNA
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Figure 26.12 Laboratory versions of protobionts
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Figure 26.13 Hypothesis for the beginnings of molecular cooperation
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