1. By Sahba Kazerani & Spencer Close

2. Why Promote Oral Health? Improve overall health and well-being Recognise common oral diseases Prevent dental pain Reduce the need for medical/dental treatment Decrease a lifetime of dental “repairs” Prevent orthodontic problems

3. Common Oral Problems: Xerostomia – Dry Mouth Caries (Tooth Decay) Gingivitis (Bleeding gums) Dental Erosion

4. Dry Mouth

5. Xerostomia (Dry Mouth) Due to lack of saliva – “cotton mouth” Heavily linked to those on medication Significant impact on oral health and the increased risk of; Tooth wear and decay, Periodontal disease Oral infections such as candidiasis, glossitis, generalised stomatitis (Scully & Cawson, 1998)

6. Candidiasis Apthous Stomatitis (Ulcer)

7. Xerostomia (Dry Mouth) Dry mouth may present as difficulties with; Speech Chewing Swallowing Poor denture tolerance Problems with retention and stability of dentures (Scully & Cawson, 1998)

8. Preventive Methods Chewing Sugar Free gum or Xylitol containing gum Water intake throughout the day

9. Preventive Methods Biotene or Oral Balance Range Toothpaste, Dry mouth lubricating liquid Mouthwash

10. Tooth Decay

11. Why do Teeth Decay?

12. Recommendations! Avoid a high sugar diet Use fluoride containing products daily Good oral hygiene habits; Brushing 2x a day Flossing Stimulate salivary flow; Dairy products Chewing gum Water

13. Gum Disease

15. Acid Erosion

16. What is Erosion? Acid erosion, also known as dental erosion, is the irreversible loss of tooth structure due to chemical dissolution by acids yellowtransparent Creates a yellow or transparent appearance on your teeth May experience sensitivity

17. Preventing Dental Erosion Reduce acid exposure (frequency & contact time) Dietary acids (Cola, Sports drinks, Tea, Juice) Medications (take with tap water) Alcohol Avoid acidic foods & drinks: In between meals Time for remineralisation Late at night Saliva flow reduced (Lussi & Hellwing, 2006, and Kargul & Bakkal, 2009)

18. Drinks to Avoid!

19. Recommendations 1) Do not hold or swish acidic drinks/beverages in mouth 2) Avoid sipping acidic drinks; use a straw (flow towards throat instead of tooth surface) 3) Avoid tooth brushing immediately after acid 4) Use soft toothbrush & low abrasion fluoride toothpaste (Lussi & Hellwing, 2006, and Kargul & Bakkal, 2009)

21. Denture Neglect

22. Denture Care

27. Reference Kargul B & Bakkal M, (2009), ‘Prevalence, Etiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Preventive Strategies of Dental Erosion: Literature Review (Part l & Part II),’ International Journal of Oral Sciences and Dental Medicine, volume 43, nop. 3, pp. 165-187 Lussi A & Hellwig E, (2006), ‘Risk Assessment & Preventive Measures,’ Monographs in Oral Science, volume 20, pp. 190-199 Mount, GJ & Hume, WR (1998). Preservation and Restoration of Tooth Structure. 1st ed. Australia, Queensland: Knowledge Books and Software. p21-40.