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AIR SPACE Airspace and Airports
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Canada’s Airspace CANADA’S AIRSPACE Flight Information Regions Domestic airspace Sparsely Settled Areas Altimeter Regions Air Defense Identification Zones High and Low Level Airspace Classification of Canadian Airspace
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FLIGHT INFORMATION REGIONS (FIR)
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CANADA’S AIRSPACE All airspace over Canadian landmass, Canadian Arctic, Canadian Archipelago, and the High Seas areas within that airspace Air space is divided -geographically (horizontally) and -vertically
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COMPASS ERRORS all airspace
ANDS Northerly turning error sluggish in North quadrant headings lively in South quadrant no turning error on West or East headings
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CANADIAN DOMESTIC AIRSPACE
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NORTHERN DOMESTIC AIRSPACE
Magnetic North Pole near centre of NDA Erratic magnetic compass readings All headings are TRUE Sparsely settled area
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SOUTHERN DOMESTIC AIRSPACE
All headings are MAGNETIC
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Standard Pressure Region 29.92”
ALTIMETER REGIONS Standard Pressure Region ” - All airspace above 18,000’ - Altitude is called “Flight Level” - Northern Canada Altimeter Setting Region Station pressure - Southern Canada below 18,000’ - for departure, enroute, arrival
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ALTIMETER REGIONS
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DESIGNATED MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS
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AIR DEFENCE IDENTIFICATION ZONE ADIZ
PURPOSE IFR or DVFR flight plan filed with ATC or the Northern Warning System No deviation from flight plan Must include estimated time of penetration Functioning two-way radio required +20 NM or +5 minutes tolerances Notify ATC immediately of any changes
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AIR DEFENCE IDENTIFICATION ZONE - ADIZ
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All airspace above the low level airspace
HIGH LEVEL AIRSPACE All airspace above the low level airspace LOW LEVEL AIRSPACE From the ground up to but not including 18,000’ ASL or the base of the High Level Airspace
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HIGH LEVEL AIRSPACE
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HIGH LEVEL AIRSPACE
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LOW LEVEL CONTROLLED AIRSPACE
Control Zones - 3, 5, 7 NM radius - ground to 3000’ (AGL) Transition Area - defined dimensions - 700’ AGL to base of overlying airspace - normally 15 NM radius of airport Terminal Control Area - around busy airports to facilitate IFR control - 45 NM radius1200/2200 AGL Control Area Extension - around a high volume airport to facilitate IFR control - dimensions determined by requirements
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LOW LEVEL AIRWAYS From 2,200’ AGL up to but not including 18,000’ ASL
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LOW LEVEL CONTROLLED AIRSPACE
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AIRSPACE CLASSIFICATION
Seven Classifications: A to G Classification governs flight rules in that airspace Specific information on a given airspace is supplemented in the VFR Nav Chart and Canada Flight Supplement Classification is related to: traffic density, speed, use of airspace
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Class G Airspace Uncontrolled airspace ATC has NO authority or responsibility ATC may provide an information service SD Airspace: surface up to 18,000’ ASL or the base of any other class of airspace ND Airspace: surface up to the base of the high level airspace
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Class F Airspace Has defined dimensions May have periods of validity May be controlled, uncontrolled, or a combination of both Special use airspace: -Advisory (A) -Restricted (R)
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Class F Airspace CYA113(A) CY – Canada A – Alert R – Restricted
D – Danger (international waters) 113 – area locator A – aerobatic F – aircraft test H – hang gliding M – military ops P – parachuting S – soaring T - training
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Class F Airspace
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Class F Airspace Advisory Airspace: -non-participating pilots should be aware of it -no specific restriction, however -encouraged to avoid -exercise extra vigilance Restricted Airspace: -do not enter without permission Niagara Falls
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Class E Airspace Where there is a need for controlled airspace other than A, B, C or D IFR clx, VFR Includes all Low Level Airways below 12,500 Includes all airspace above FL600 Can include control zones Includes control area extensions and transition zones Control Zones, QA, PQ / LL Airways
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Class E Airspace
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Control Area Extension – class E
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Class E Airspace
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Class D Airspace IFR - clearance required
VFR - must establish radio comm with ATC prior to entry into class D airspace (must obtain clx prior to entry) Maintain VFR at all times, maintain separation from other traffic and obstacles Radio required, comm failure procedures Must comply with ATC clx and instructions Reverts to class E if ATC is not available Tower Control Zones (CYKZ, CYOO, CYTZ)
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CLASS D
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Class C Airspace IFR clx, VFR clx Must obtain clx prior to entry
Maintain VFR at all times, maintain separation from other traffic and obstacles ATC provides separation to IFR and as necessary to VFR aircraft Radio required, comm failure procedures Mode C transponder required Reverts to Class E if ATC is not available Terminal Control Areas, TRSA, CYYZ Zone
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CLASS C Zone and TCA
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Must obtain clx prior to entry ATC provides separation to IFR and CVFR
Class B Airspace IFR clx, VFR clx (CVFR) Must obtain clx prior to entry ATC provides separation to IFR and CVFR Controlled airspace 12,500’ to 18,000’ on airways and airspace so designated CVFR – no special endorsements VFR at all times Flight plan, radio, Mode C transponder
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Class B Airspace above the E
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Low Level Airways VOR or Victor Airways (V194) Based at 2200’ AGL Up to 12,500’ASL = Class E airway AND 12,500’ to 18,000’ ASL = Class B airway VFR on airway below 12,500’, not subject to ATC control
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Class A Airspace IFR clx, No VFR 18,000’ (NCA FL230, ACA FL280) up to FL600 Require mode C transponder
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HIGH LEVEL AIRSPACE Class A Airspace
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SPECIAL PURPOSE AIRSPACE
Special purposes airspace May also designate an airspace for the purposes of: - protecting an existing structure - any other surface based activity May be declared via NOTAM Air shows, Olympics, prisons, forest fires – 5 NM/3000’ AGL
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Transponder Airspace
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IFR & VFR SUMMARY
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