1. THE HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION BEATRICE PARK JAKE LEE WORLD HISTORY 9E BEATRICE PARK JAKE LEE WORLD HISTORY 9E

2. Satellite states (client states) are countries that are independent but under domination of a larger power. The Soviet Union’s satellite states were usually ruled by Stalinists. Their economies and politics were interfered by the Soviet Union. Soviet Union Satellite States: Czechoslovakia Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Albania, East Germany Industries to meet Soviet needs control Stalinist Leaders, Soviet Army Satellite States

3. WHY DID THE HUNGARIANS DISLIKE SOVIET CONTROL?  Collective agriculture, leading to food shortages  Emphasis on heavy industry, leading to consumer goods shortage  Reduction of the influence of the Catholic Church. Leader of Catholic Church was imprisoned by the Communist Party.  Restriction on intellectual activities  Extraction of Hungarian wealth to enrich the Soviet Union (Russia)  The secret police, AVO, persecuting churchgoers and non-communists  Censorship and control over Hungarian school curriculum  Collective agriculture, leading to food shortages  Emphasis on heavy industry, leading to consumer goods shortage  Reduction of the influence of the Catholic Church. Leader of Catholic Church was imprisoned by the Communist Party.  Restriction on intellectual activities  Extraction of Hungarian wealth to enrich the Soviet Union (Russia)  The secret police, AVO, persecuting churchgoers and non-communists  Censorship and control over Hungarian school curriculum  “Russians Go Home!”  “Death to the AVO!”  “Russians Go Home!”  “Death to the AVO!”

4. Khrushchev’s Thaw “ Stalin acted not through persuasion, explanation and patient cooperation with people, but by imposing his concepts and demanding absolute submission to his opinion. Whoever opposed this concept or tried to prove his [own] viewpoint, and the correctness of his [own] position, was doomed to removal from the leading collective and to subsequent moral and physical annihilation. ” (Khrushchev, thinkexist.com) = Stalin was a tyrant! Forget about him. I will promise easier life for people. “ Stalin acted not through persuasion, explanation and patient cooperation with people, but by imposing his concepts and demanding absolute submission to his opinion. Whoever opposed this concept or tried to prove his [own] viewpoint, and the correctness of his [own] position, was doomed to removal from the leading collective and to subsequent moral and physical annihilation. ” (Khrushchev, thinkexist.com) = Stalin was a tyrant! Forget about him. I will promise easier life for people. Nikita Khrushchev The destalinization policy of Nikita Khrushchev, the Soviet leader after Stalin’s death(1953), gave hope to Satellite States. Satellite States Us too? Will your troops leave? Well.. For now, only Yugoslavia and Austria.

5. THE HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION  Started on October 23, 1956.  University students gathered 50,000 participansts.  Claim for withdrawal of Soviet control& Stalinists in power  Burn portraits of Stalin& Matyas Rakosi (Hungarian Communist Party Leader)  Pull down Stalin’s statues  Imre Nagy came into power as Prime Minister of new government. Declared:  Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact (military alliance)  Hungary would be a neutral country  Hungary would have democratic elections  Started on October 23, 1956.  University students gathered 50,000 participansts.  Claim for withdrawal of Soviet control& Stalinists in power  Burn portraits of Stalin& Matyas Rakosi (Hungarian Communist Party Leader)  Pull down Stalin’s statues  Imre Nagy came into power as Prime Minister of new government. Declared:  Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact (military alliance)  Hungary would be a neutral country  Hungary would have democratic elections Imre Nagy ➠

7. End of the Revolution  2000 tanks and 60,000 troops from the Soviet Union attacked Budapest on 4 November 1956.  Even though they fought against the troops, about 3000 Hungarians were killed and 160,000 had to flee to foreign countries.  Imre Nagy got arrested and executed - the Hungarian Revolution ended as a failure to gain independence.  After the end of the Hungarian Revolution there were only a few attempts to challenge the Soviet power until 1968 - the Prague Spring of Czechoslovakia.  2000 tanks and 60,000 troops from the Soviet Union attacked Budapest on 4 November 1956.  Even though they fought against the troops, about 3000 Hungarians were killed and 160,000 had to flee to foreign countries.  Imre Nagy got arrested and executed - the Hungarian Revolution ended as a failure to gain independence.  After the end of the Hungarian Revolution there were only a few attempts to challenge the Soviet power until 1968 - the Prague Spring of Czechoslovakia.

8. Bibliography  "Satellite State." 123explore. 1 May 2008. (C) 2001-2008 Enlexica, Inc. 26 May 2008 >  Black, Linda, Roger B. Beck, Larry S. Krieger, Phillip C. Naylor, and Dahia I. Shabaka. Modern World History. Evanston: McDougal Litell, 2003.  Kramer, Ann, Christine Gunzi, Susan McKeever, Christine Gunzi, Richard Platt, and Clifford Rosney, eds. "Cold War." The Dorling Kinderly Children’S Illustrated Encyclopedia. Reprinted Edition ed. 1 vols. London: Dorling Kinderley, 1997.  The Cold War. Vol. 11. New York: Longman Inc, 2006. 33-38.  Gati, Sally. "1956 HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION." STARTING OVER IN AMERICA. 26 May 2008 <http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~sgati/gatiproductions/starting_over/revolution.htm  "Hungary's Revolt Against Communism." Needham High School. NHS. 26 May 2008 <http://nhs.needham.k12.ma.us/cur/baker_00/2002_p5/baker_p5_1-02_nwv-jp/hungary_bloody_revolt.htm  "1956 Hungarian Revolution in Photos." Hungary 1956. (C) 2005 - 2006. the American Hungarian Federationtm. 27 May 2008 <http://www.hungary1956.com/photos.htm  "Nikita Khrushchev Quotes." Thinkexist.Com. Copyright ® ThinkExist 1999-2006. 28 May 2008 <http://thinkexist.com/quotes/nikita_khrushchev/  "Hungarian Revolution of 1956." World History: The Modern Era. 2008. ABC-CLIO. 28 May 2008 <http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=21&entryid=309740&searchtext=hungarian revolution  Clare, John D. "Anti-Soviet Movements in 1956." Greenfield History© Site. 29 May 2008  Kramer, Ann, Christine Gunzi, Susan McKeever, Christine Gunzi, Richard Platt, and Clifford Rosney, eds. "Cold War." The Dorling Kinderly Children’S Illustrated Encyclopedia. Reprinted Edition ed. 1 vols. London: Dorling Kinderley, 1997.  "Imre Nagy: final message to the Hungarian people (1956)." World History: The Modern Era. 2008. ABC-CLIO. 29 May 2008 http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=33&entryid=309078&searchtext=imre nagy&type=simple&option=all&searchsites=5  "Satellite State." 123explore. 1 May 2008. (C) 2001-2008 Enlexica, Inc. 26 May 2008 >  Black, Linda, Roger B. Beck, Larry S. Krieger, Phillip C. Naylor, and Dahia I. Shabaka. Modern World History. Evanston: McDougal Litell, 2003.  Kramer, Ann, Christine Gunzi, Susan McKeever, Christine Gunzi, Richard Platt, and Clifford Rosney, eds. "Cold War." The Dorling Kinderly Children’S Illustrated Encyclopedia. Reprinted Edition ed. 1 vols. London: Dorling Kinderley, 1997.  The Cold War. Vol. 11. New York: Longman Inc, 2006. 33-38.  Gati, Sally. "1956 HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION." STARTING OVER IN AMERICA. 26 May 2008 <http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~sgati/gatiproductions/starting_over/revolution.htm  "Hungary's Revolt Against Communism." Needham High School. NHS. 26 May 2008 <http://nhs.needham.k12.ma.us/cur/baker_00/2002_p5/baker_p5_1-02_nwv-jp/hungary_bloody_revolt.htm  "1956 Hungarian Revolution in Photos." Hungary 1956. (C) 2005 - 2006. the American Hungarian Federationtm. 27 May 2008 <http://www.hungary1956.com/photos.htm  "Nikita Khrushchev Quotes." Thinkexist.Com. Copyright ® ThinkExist 1999-2006. 28 May 2008 <http://thinkexist.com/quotes/nikita_khrushchev/  "Hungarian Revolution of 1956." World History: The Modern Era. 2008. ABC-CLIO. 28 May 2008 <http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=21&entryid=309740&searchtext=hungarian revolution  Clare, John D. "Anti-Soviet Movements in 1956." Greenfield History© Site. 29 May 2008  Kramer, Ann, Christine Gunzi, Susan McKeever, Christine Gunzi, Richard Platt, and Clifford Rosney, eds. "Cold War." The Dorling Kinderly Children’S Illustrated Encyclopedia. Reprinted Edition ed. 1 vols. London: Dorling Kinderley, 1997.  "Imre Nagy: final message to the Hungarian people (1956)." World History: The Modern Era. 2008. ABC-CLIO. 29 May 2008 http://www.worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=33&entryid=309078&searchtext=imre nagy&type=simple&option=all&searchsites=5