1. 1 Dr. Sean Mahar

2. 2 Aims and objectives of the event Aim: to provide detailed information and guidance about the introduction of a new duty to manage asbestos into the Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2002. Objectives: to discuss hazards, outline changes to the law, to work through the steps needed to comply, to use practical exercises, to discuss implementation, to provide information on further sources of guidance.

3. 3 Workshop outline Session 1: Welcome and introduction SETTING THE SCENE Session 2: Asbestos facts Session 3: The duty to manage CARRYING OUT THE WORK Session 4: How to develop a management plan (including practical exercises) Session 5: Summary and implementation programme

4. 4 Session 2: Asbestos facts Aim: to provide background information on the hazards from asbestos, the diseases which can result from exposure to it, and how the law has addressed this hazard. Objectives: by end of session delegates should know what asbestos is and its uses, know why it is harmful and what diseases it can cause, know what processes release fibres, understand how the law has been applied to the risks from asbestos, understand how the new duty to manage fits in.

5. 5 Asbestos facts What is asbestos?

6. 6 Asbestos facts Where might you find asbestos?

7. 7 Where asbestos is found

8. 8 Asbestos cement

9. 9 Sprayed asbestos 9

10. 10 Sprayed asbestos

11. 11 Lagging

12. 12 Asbestos insulating board

13. 13 Asbestos insulating board

14. 14 Asbestos textiles

15. 15 Other products Millboard and paper products for electrical insulation. Composite materials, eg brake linings (in the past) and vinyl floor tiles. Decorative textured coatings.

16. 16 Why is asbestos dangerous? Asbestos facts

17. 17 Asbestos Diseases: Asbestos warts Pleural plaques Diffuse pleural thickening Asbestosis Lung cancer Mesothelioma

18. 18 Who is at risk? Asbestos facts

19. 19 How can asbestos fibres be released into the air? Asbestos facts

20. 20 Control limits and action levels Type of asbestos 4-hour control limit (f/ml) 10-min control limit (f/ml) Action level (fibre hours/ml) Chrysotile 0.30.972 Any other asbestos or mixture 0.20.648 f/ml Fibres per millilitre of air averaged over any continuous period. Fibre hours/ml = airborne exposure in f/ml multiplied by time of exposure in hours. Cumulative exposures over a 12 week period are calculated.

21. 21 Work with ACMs Activity Typical exposures (f/ml) Asbestos cement Machine cutting: jig saw2-10 : circular saw10–20 : abrasive disc15–25 : hand sawingUp to 1 : machine drillingUp to 1 Removal of asbestos cement sheetingUp to 0.5

22. 22 Work with ACMs (cont) Activity Typical exposures (f/ml) Asbestos lagging, coating and AIB Drilling AIB overhead5–10 Drilling vertical columns2–5 Using jig saw on AIB5–20 Hand sawing AIB5–10 Repair/replace ceiling tiles0.45

23. 23 What are the risks? Asbestos and lung cancer (Lung cancer death rates per 100 000 person years) Asbestos worker Smoker Death rate Mortality rate No 11.31 YesNo58.4X 5 NoYes122.8X 11 Yes 601.6X 53

24. 24 How can we stop the possibility of ill health? By reducing the exposure of people to airborne respirable asbestos fibres.

25. 25 Asbestos facts What does the law say?

26. 26 Session 3: The duty to manage Aim: to examine the requirements of the new regulation and identify duty holders. Objectives: by the end of the session delegates will understand the new law, know who are likely to have duties under it, have an outline of what duty holders will have to do.

27. 27 The duty to manage Why is the new regulation needed and what does it say?

28. 28 The duty to manage Who has the duty?

29. 29 The duty to manage How will this work in practice?

30. 30 The duty to manage Once the duty holder has been identified, what will they have to do?

31. 31 Duty holders will have to: Find out if there is asbestos, how much and where. Presume unknown materials are ACMs. Make and keep a record of the location and condition of ACMs/presumed ACMs. Assess the risks from ACMs.

32. 32 Dutyholders will have to (cont): Prepare a written management plan. Implement the plan. Provide information on the location and condition of the ACMs. Monitor and review the plan.

33. 33 Session 4: Steps to develop a management plan Aim: to look in detail at how a management plan can be developed. Objectives: by the end of the session delegates will be able to decide how to approach the planning of the process, understand the logical steps required to comply, complete practical exercises, understand how an effective management plan can be prepared and why it is needed.

34. 34 Session 4: Introduction Duty is to manage asbestos. It requires an assessment to be made. Not a duty to survey although a survey may be needed. Steps required are those that are ‘reasonable’. Useful start: ask ‘What am I doing now to manage the risk?’ Aim is to protect maintenance workers.

35. 35 Steps to develop a management plan What effect will the management plan have on the health of workers in premises where ACMs may be present?

36. 36 Effect on health of workers where ACM may be present Technical services Job sheet Electrician Mesothelioma School Lights faulty

37. 37 Steps to develop a management plan What do you need to think about before you start? What to do now? Who is going to manage the plan? Training, consultation with employees.

38. 38 Find out if asbestos is present, how much there is and in what condition. Steps to develop a management plan: Step A

39. 39 Identifying asbestos Presume asbestos: - carry out own inspection - engage others to undertake survey or; establish identity by sampling; or conclude it’s not asbestos (requires strong evidence); or a combination of all the above.

40. 40 Steps to develop a management plan: Step A Decide what type of inspection or survey needs to be carried out.

41. 41 Survey types Type 1: Location and assessment survey (presumptive survey) Type 2: Standard sampling, identification and assessment survey (sampling survey) Type 3: Full access sampling and identification survey (pre-demolition/major refurbishment survey).

42. 42 Steps to develop a management plan: Step A Decide who will carry out the inspection or survey.

43. 43 Steps to develop a management plan: Step A Consider training and competency issues.

44. 44 Training and competency issues In house - competent person: ‘P402\S301’ modules starting point Outside contractor: UKAS accreditation under EN 45004 Laboratory: UKAS accreditation under ISO 17025

45. 45 Prepare for the inspection or survey. Steps to develop a management plan: Step A

46. 46 Prepare for the inspection or survey inform employees conduct preliminary site meeting and walk-through conduct a desktop survey produce a survey plan prepare a risk assessment for the conduct of the survey specify the method of recording and presenting the data

47. 47 Steps to develop a management plan: Step A Carry out the inspection or survey.

48. 48 Case studies: Exercise A Assume you are at desktop survey stage on looking for ACMs. Using information from Appendix 4 and blank table from Appendix 3, record: –where ACMs are likely to be found; –what type of asbestos is likely; –any comments on condition.

49. 49 Worked example Where ACM/presumed ACM is found Type of asbestos (using MDHS100 table (Appendix 4)) Comments 1Suspended ceiling AIB Crocidolite/ amosite 15-40% May have been disturbance by lighting, electrical, security work 2

50. 50 Where asbestos is found

51. 51 Worked example Where ACM/presumed ACM is found Type of asbestos (using MDHS100 table (Appendix 4)) Comments 1 Non-metallic corrugated cladding Asbestos cement crocidolite/ amosite 10-15% Sheeting damaged by transport 2

52. 52 Steps to develop a management plan: Step B Presume unknown materials contain asbestos unless there is strong evidence that they do not.

53. 53 Steps to develop a management plan: Step C Make and keep a record of the location and condition of the ACMs/presumed ACMs.

54. 54 Record keeping hard copy PC-based electronic copy survey on organisation’s Intranet survey registered on an Internet site managed by a third party

55. 55 Assess the risks from asbestos-containing materials. Steps to develop a management plan: Step D

56. 56 Hazard and Risk Hazard means anything which can cause harm Risk is the chance, high or low, that somebody will be harmed by the hazard

57. 57 Steps to develop a management plan: Step D Assessing the risks: the material assessment. (NB Asbestos is only harmful if fibres are released into an area where they can be inhaled.)

58. 58 Steps to develop a management plan: Step D The material assessment quantifies the hazard from the materials, ie how likely are they to release airborne fibres if disturbed.

59. 59 Material assessment Sample variableScore Product type1-3 Damage/deterioration?0-3 Surface treatment0-3 Asbestos type1-3 Total

60. 60 Worked example of a material assessment Sample variableScoreWhy? Product type1Asbestos cement Damage/ deterioration? 0Good condition Surface treatment1Asbestos cement Asbestos type2Amphibole excluding crocidolite (not chrysotile only) Total4

61. 61 Steps to develop a management plan: Step D Assessing the risks: the risk assessment. This introduces other elements to give an estimate of comparative risk.

62. 62 Risk assessment Assessment factorScore Normal occupant activity Main type of activity in area0-3 Secondary activities0-3 Likelihood of disturbance Location0-3 Accessibility0-3 Extent/amount0-3

63. 63 Risk assessment (cont) Assessment factorScore Human exposure potential Number of occupants0-3 Frequency of use of area0-3 Average time area is in use0-3 Maintenance activity Type of maintenance activity0-3 Frequency of maintenance activity0-3 Maintenance activity0-3

64. 64 Worked example of a risk assessment Risk assessment algorithm: AIB ceiling tiles in control room Assessment factorVariable selected Score for each variable Overall score Normal occupant activity Main type of activity in area Low disturbance activities11 Likelihood of disturbance LocationRoom up to 100m 2 2 Accessibility Occasionally likely to be disturbed 1 Extent/amount>50m 2 32

65. 65 Worked example (cont) Human exposure potential Number of occupants1-31 Frequency of use of areaDaily3 Average time area is in use>6 hours32 Maintenance activity Type of maintenance activityLow disturbance1 Frequency of maintenance activity>1 per year22 Total risk assessment score7 Material assessment score6 Grand total of material and risk assessment scores13

66. 66 Case Studies: Exercise B Assess the risks from ACMs in the workplaces already described using the method outlined previously. First carry out a material assessment on up to 3 ACMs. Next using the algorithm carry out a risk assessment. Which ACM would you deal with first?

67. 67 Steps to develop a management plan: Step E Prepare a detailed written plan of how to manage the risk.

68. 68 Management plan priority assessments including priority assessment scores if algorithms have been used table of priority for action decisions about management options including rationale timetable for action monitoring arrangements personnel and their responsibilities

69. 69 Management plan (cont) training arrangements plan of implementation of new procedures, including those for external contractors procedure for review of plan including timetable procedures for providing information to those who need it what to do in emergency situations

70. 70 Steps to develop a management plan: Step F Implementing the plan

71. 71 Plan implementation Managing the risk means making sure that as far as reasonably practicable no one can come to any harm from asbestos on the premises. option A: A once and for all solution could be considered where a competent specialist identifies all asbestos and then removes it timetable for action option B: Assume that all materials not recognised are asbestos and carry out all subsequent work as if it was all ACM middle option: combination of the two

72. 72 Steps to develop a management plan: Step F Decide what needs to be done.

73. 73 Decisions type of asbestos present condition damage likelihood access would major structural work be needed to allow its removal? if removed, what needs replacing budgetary constraints future maintenance/refurbishment plans

74. 74 Steps to develop a management plan: Step F Carry out work needed, when decisions have been made.

75. 75 Work impacting asbestos Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2002 apply Asbestos (Licensing) Regulations 1983 licensed contractor required unless very short duration < 1 hour/week & < 2 hours total or on own premises with own staff, where HSE requires 2 week notification

76. 76 Steps to develop a management plan: Step G Provide information on the location and condition of ACMs.

77. 77 Steps to develop a management plan: Step H Monitor and review the plan and arrangements.

78. 78 Management Plan

79. 79 Session 5: Summary Aim: to summarise the information, particularly that relating to the management plan, and emphasise the key messages from the course. Objectives: to summarise the previous sessions and reinforce the framework, to remind delegates of the key messages from the course.

80. 80 Summary What are the key messages?

81. 81 Summary Asbestos is very useful but also harmful if fibres are released. 3000 people die each year from asbestos- related diseases and 25% of these have worked in building trades. New regulation requires duty holders to identify and assess the risks from ACMs in their premises. Written plan is needed to manage the risk.

82. 82 Summary What are the consequences of poor management of asbestos?

83. 83 Effect on health of workers where ACM may be present Technical services Job sheet Electrician Mesothelioma School Lights faulty Management plan

84. 84 Summary How are the Regulations going to be implemented?

85. 85 Summary New Regulations in August 2002. 18-month lead-in period for duty holders to comply. Start now. Don’t panic. HSE will be producing guidance. Aim is to reduce ill health in maintenance workers.