1. By Vivien Su, Jennifer Luo, Samuel Zhang, Daniel Zeng, & Andrew Smith

2. Each of our group members did five of the twenty five words. They go in this order.  Andrew  Daniel  Vivien  Jennifer  Samuel

3.  Word Origin: Latin  Extravagant: Spending much more than is necessary  Adjective Form: Extravagant  Noun Form: Extravagantness  Adverb Form: Extravagantly  Synonym: Wasteful, Costly  Antonym: Reasonable, Saving  Prefix: extra- to wander  Root: vague- excessive, extreme  Sentence: The extravagant movie star spent five thousand dollars on a pair of shoes.

4.  Word Origin: Latin  Insubstantial: Not solid or firm  Adjective Form: Insubstantial  Noun Form: Insubstantiality  Verb Form: Insubstantially  Synonym: Fragile, Frail  Antonym: Real, Strong  Prefix: in- not without  Root: sub- under, lower than  Suffix: al- connected with  Sentence: The insubstantial house collapsed during the storm because it was poorly constructed.

5.  Word Origin: Latin  Lethargy: The quality or state of being drowsy and dull  Adjective Form: Lethargic  Noun Form: Lethargy  Adverb Form: Lethargically  Synonym: Laziness, Disinterest  Antonym: Energy, Liveliness  Sentence: Lethargy is a characteristic that many spoiled children possess.

6.  Word Origin: Middle English  Perplexed: Confuse, Bewildered  Adjective Form: Perplexed  Noun Form: Perplexities  Adverb Form: Perplexedly  Synonym: Astonish, Confound  Antonym: Clarify, Explain  Prefix: per- through, during  Sentence: He was perplexed by his straight “A” report card.

7.  Word Origin: Middle English  Understatement: Restrained Statement  Noun Form: Understatement  Synonym: Distortion, Sarcasm  Antonym: Exaggeration, Overstatement  Prefix: un- not, opposite  Root: sta- stand

8.  Word Origin - Latin  Meaning - to give a new and typically exalted or spiritual appearance to : transform outwardly and usually for the better  Synonym: Metamorphose  Antonym: Maintain  Root, Prefix, Suffix  Root: figure – to form, fashion  Prefix: trans - across  Sentence: The magician transfigured the bag of potato chips into a bag of poker chips.  Verb: Transfiguring  Adjective: Transfigured

9.  Word Origin - Middle English  Meaning - to evaluate the worth, significance, or status of; especially  Synonym: Judge  Root: pretium – worth, value  Prefix: ad – near, to  Suffix: er – person  Sentence: The appraiser determined the value of the diamond, and said it was worth nothing.  Noun: Appraiser  Verb: Appraise  Adjective: Appraised

10.  Word Origin - Medieval Latin  Meaning - manifesting, feeling, or expressing deep hatred or disapproval  Synonym: Scornful  Antonyms: Admiring  Sentence: Louie was contemptuous of the results of his test scores.  Root: temnere – to slight, scorn  Prefix: con –with  Adjective: Contemptuous

11.  Word Origin – English  Meaning – adept in the use of subtlety and cunning  Synonym: Beguiling  Antonyms: Artless  Root: craft- power, talent, might  Suffix: y – full of or characterized by  Sentence: The crafty seller accused the innocent citizen for stealing his vegetables.  Noun: Craftier  Verb: Crafting  Adjective: Crafty

12.  Verb: Entrancing  Adjective: Entranced  Word Origin – English  Meaning – to put into a trance  Synonym: carry away  Antonyms: discharge  Root: trance - a dazed, half-conscious condition  Prefix: en – put in  Suffix: ed – past tense  Sentence: The half-dazed chicken was entranced by the cunning magician.

13.  Verb form: almsgiving-to benefit  Noun form: almsgiving-voluntary contributions to aid the poor (used more commonly)  Synonyms: assistance, donation, offering, contribution  Root: alms- something (as money or food) given freely to relieve the poor  Sentence: My religion places great weight in almsgiving, and whenever I see a beggar on the street I offer them a large number of food and money.  Antonyms: stealing, taking  Word Origins:  ælmesse from Old English  alemosna from Proto-Germanic  eleemosyne from Greek, meaning “pity, or mercy”

14.  Verb form: consecrated-to be sacred, hallowed or sainted  Adjective form: consecrated-being sacred, hallowed, holy, sainted or sacramental OR consecrative OR consecratory  Noun form: consecrator  Synonyms: devote, sacred, holy  Antonyms: desacralize, desanctify  Word Origin: from Latin consecratus, meaning to make holy or devote  Root: secr-sacred or holy  Prefix: con-with, jointly, completely  Suffix: ate-to make  Sentence: The priest consecrated the bread and water.

15.  Noun form: consequence  Adjective form: consequent OR consequential  Synonyms: accordingly, therefore, ergo  Root: sequ-follow  Prefix: con-with, jointly, completely  Suffix: -ly-in what manner  Sentence: Jack did not study for his science test, consequently, he will not do well.  Word Origins 1. From French conséquent, meaning “following, resulting” 2. From Latin consequentem

16.  Noun form: curtness  Adjective form: curt  Synonyms: briefly, compactly, concisely  Antonyms: redundantly, wordily  Root: cur-run  Suffix: -ly-in what manner  Sentence: The teacher curtly demanded Jesse to be quiet.  Word Origins 1. From Latin curtus, meaning “short, shortened, incomplete” 2. From Icelandic korta 3. From German kurz

17.  Noun form: dissembler  Adverb form: dissemblingly  Synonyms: deception, dishonesty, fraud  Antonyms: reliable, frankness  Sentence: She was dissembling her son’s crib to pack into their luggage.  Prefix: dis-negation, removal, expulsion  Suffix: -ing-activity  Word Origins 1. From Middle English dissimule 2. From Old French dissimuler 3. From Latin dissimulare

18.  Noun: Essence  Synonym-being, nature, substance  Antonym- none  Latin: essentia, “to be“  Root- esse: to be  The essence of the tree was very noticeable.

19.  Adjective: Furtive  Noun: Furtiveness  Adverb: Furtively  Synonym-sly secret, hidden  Antonym- open, public, undisguised  Latin: furtivus, “theft“  Root- fur-: thief  Sentence: He shot us a furtive glance across the room.

20.  Adjective: Inaudible  Noun: Inaudibility  Adverb: Inaudibly  Synonym- mute  Antonym- audible, hearable  Latin: inaudiblilis, “not hearable“  Root- audible: hear  Prefix- in: not  Sentence: The teacher makes the students repeat again if their voice is nearly inaudible.

21.  Adjective: Involuntary  Noun: Involuntariness  Adverb: Involuntarily  Synonym- unwilling  Antonym- voluntary  Latin: involuntarius, “not voluntary”  Root- voluntary:willing  Prefix- in: not  He involuntarily went and took the garbage out.

22.  Adjective-Judicious  Adverb-Judiciously  Synonym-Intelligent; Judgmatic; Prudent  Antonym-Imprudent; Indiscreet; Injudicious  Latin word-Judiciem, “judgment, sentence, verdict; trial, legal action, process”  Root-Judge: to form an opinion/conclusion through reasoning and information  Prefix- Jud: law; having to do with judges or courts of law  Suffix-cious: full of  Sentence: A client wants a judicious lawyer in court.

23.  Verb - Merge  Root: merge: dip  Suffix: ed: past tense  Etymology: Latin  Synonym: combine  Antonym: separate  Sentence: The roads merged into one.

24.  Verb: project  Noun: project  Prefix: pro: forward  Root: ject: throw  Etymology: Latin  Synonym: pitch  Antonym: keep  Sentence: The catapult projected rocks over the wall.

25.  Adjective: Shrill  Verb: Shrilled  Root: shrill  Etymology: Old World  Synonym: sharp  Antonym: low  Sentence: Small animals often make shrill noises.

26.  Noun: Speculation  Verb: Speculate  Root: spec: look  Suffix: cule: diminutive  Suffix: ate: state of  Etymology: Latin  Synonym: brainstorm  Antonym: ignore  Sentence: Nerds always speculate whatever that gets under his eyes.

27.  Verb: Subjugating  Noun: Subjugation  Prefix: sub: under  Root: jugat: yoke  Suffix: tion: state  Etymology: Latin  Synonym: failure  Antonym: success  Sentence: The defeated soldiers were under subjugation.

28. Sources: http://www.etymonline.com http://www.myetymology.com http://www.merriam-webster.com http://dictionary.reference.com