1. LONDON LONDON IN PICTURES AND FACTS 1. Can you name the sights in each picture? Write your answers into the worksheet given. 1

2. HISTORY Roman Times50 AD 410 AD Londinium was established as a civilian town by the Romans. The Roman occupation of Britain came to an end. Anglo- Saxon Rule 1042Edward the Confessor founded Westminster Abbey. Norman and Medieval Times 1348 London Bridge (the only bridge over the river Thames for more than 600 years) Tower of London, St. Paul's Cathedral French influence on language Black Death (plague epidemic) Tudor London1485- 1603 Protestantism, Dissolution of monasteries, Shakespeare and the Globe, publishing houses, Henry VIII, Elizabeth I. The population of London is about 250,000. Stuart London1603 - 1714 1666 James I, Plague, Hyde Park open to the public, Covent Garden. The Great Fire destroys 13 200 houses. New London in brick, baroque Westminster, Banks, Hospitals, Queen Anne. 18 th Century Industrial Revolution, Buckingham Palace, Fleet Street, coffee houses, Slave trade, alcoholism, crime. 19 th Century1851Rapid population growth, slums, poverty, Charles Dickens, Metropolitan Police (Robert Peele), railway, sewage system, The Great Exhibition in Crystal Palace, Imperialism, Queen Victoria. Trafalgar Square, Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament, Tower Bridge, Royal Albert Hall, Victoria and Albert Museum. 20 th Century1940 1948 1950s 1960s 1970s - 1980s The Blitz, Nazi bombardment of London Summer Olympics Queen Elizabeth II Immigrants from Jamaica, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh The Beatles, fashion and music Margaret Thatcher, racial riots, punk Modern London 2005 2012 Millennium Dome in Greenwich, London Eye. Terrorist attacks on the double-decker buses. Olympics and Paralympics 2

3. CONTEMPORARY LONDON ● Population of London is over 8million people making it the biggest city in Europe. ● London is one of the major centre for the global economy, finances and international business. The Cityfinance, broking, insurance, legal Westminster head offices, real estate, private banking, hedge funds, government Camden & Islington creative industries, finance, design, art, fashion, architecture Canary Wharfbanking, media, legal Lambeth & Southwarkaccountancy, consultancy, local government ● London contains four World Heritage Sites: 3

4. UNESCO The Tower of London Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress is a historic castle with often bloody history. The Historic Settlement of Greenwich. Greenwich is known for its maritime history and the Meridian. It hosts university and the National Maritime Museum. 4

5. Margaret's Church The Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey Originally built by Benedictines in the 12th century. Westminster Abbey is a place of society weddings and many notable burials took place there. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew was founded in 1759, and declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003 5

6. OTHER FAMOUS PLACES Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament It is the supreme legislative body in the UK and at its head is the Sovereign, Queen Elizabeth II. London Eye This giant observation wheel was open to public in 2000. It is 135m tall. The Globe Shakespeare 's theatre 6

7. Trafalgar square The name commemorates the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, a naval victory over Napoleonic France. Nelsons' Column guarded by four lion statues is located in the centre of the square, which is used for community gatherings. Piccadilly Circus This square is called a circus, meaning a round open space at a street junction. The present church dating from the late 17th century was built to an English Baroque design by Sir Christopher Wren, as as part of a major rebuilding program which took place in the city after the Great Fire in 1666, and was completed within his lifetime. It is a seat of Bishop of London. St Paul's Cathedral Buckingham Palace has been used as a royal residence since 1837. It is a principal workplace of the British Monarch. Queen Victoria Monument was erected in front of the palace in the year of her coronation. 7

8. Canary Wharf is located on the West India Docks. From 1802, the area was one of the busiest docks in the world. By the 1950s, the port industry began to decline, leading to the docks closing by 1980. It is one of London's two main financial centres – along with the traditional City of London. The second tallest building of London is the One Canada Square Tower. Tower Bridge over the river Thames, the Embankment with Canary Wharf 8

9. PARKS Speakers' Corner Hyde Park and the 2005 London Bombings Memorial St James's Park On Sundays, anyone can come to the Speaker ' s corner and speak about whatever he/she likes 9

10. TRANSPORT ● London is the first city in the world to have an underground railway, which is known as the tube. ● London has got four airports: Gatwick, Heathrow, Stansted, Luton ● Other means of transport are the red double-decker buses, taxis (cabs), bicycles, trains or boats. 10

11. CULTURE The British Museum was established 1753. Originally containing antiquities, natural history specimens and the national library, the museum now has 7 million artefacts from around the globe The Nation Gallery at Trafalgar Square. The British National collection of Western Art to 1900 is held there. The Natural History Museum Is located in South Kensington that was developed as Albertopolis, a cultural and scientific quarter. All the major theatres are located in the West End. One of the biggest carnivals in the world takes place in the Notting Hill Opera and ballet are based in Covent Garden and Royal Opera House 11

12. PEOPLE According to an article in the Guardian „more than 300 languages are spoken by the people of London, and the city has at least 50 non- indigenous communities with populations of 10,000 or more.“ The biggest ethnic communities are Pakistani, Indian, Black African and Jamaican, and Asian. Ethnic Group % of London's population [4] [4] White69.7 White British57.7 White Irish2.2 Other White8.0 Mixed3.5 White and Black Caribbean 1.0 White and Black African 0.7 White and South Asian 1.0 Other Mixed1.0 South Asian13.2 Indian6.2 Pakistani2.8 Bangladeshi2.2 Other South Asian2.0 Black10.1 Black Caribbean4.0 Black African5.3 Other Black0.8 East AsianEast Asian or OtherOther3.5 Chinese1.8 Other1.7 Total population7,753,600 12

13. The End Thank You 13