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Published byClarence Edwards Modified over 9 years ago
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Kingdom Diversity
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3 Domains Domain Archae – contains members of the Kingdom Archaebacteria Domain Bacteria – contain members of the Kingdom Eubacteria Domain Eukarya – contain members of the Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia
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Kingdom Archaebacteria
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Archaebacteria Prokaryotes Live in extreme environments – Halophiles – salt – Thermoacidophiles – heat, acidic environments – Methanogens – swamps, intestines of cows No layer of peptidoglycan in cell wall Biochemically more related to eukaryotic cells.
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Kingdom Eubacteria
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Prokaryotes – Three Shapes: – Cocci – round – Baccilli – rods – Spirilla – spirals Layer of peptidoglycan Classified as gram + or gram – Eubacteria cause most bacterial infections – Strep throat – Lactobacillus (yogurt bacteria)
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How Bacteria Get Energy Photosynthesis – energy from sunlight Cellular Respiration – energy from break down of organic material Chemosynthesis – energy from chemicals available in the environment Charts pg. 582-583
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Kingdom Protista
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Most diverse kingdom – Eukaryotic – Multicellular and unicellular organisms – Photosynthetic or heterotrophic Catch all group of eukaryotic organisms that are not animals, plants or fungus Amoebas, paramecium, algae
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Kingdom Protista Animal like-Protozoa Plant like-Algae Fungi like-Slime Molds
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How Protists Move Pseudopods – “false feet” Cilia – short, numerous, hair-like structures Flagella – relatively long, whip-like; one or two in number
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How Protists Obtain Energy Autotrophic – use photosynthesis (green!!!) Heterotrophic – engulf and digest their food
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How Protists Impact Humans Parasitic protists cause some of the world’s most deadly diseases – Malaria – African sleeping sickness Many protists are photosynthetic Beneficial in digestion Diatomaceous earth-toothpaste, pool filters, etc.
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Kingdom Fungi
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Saprotrophic – externally break down food and absorb it using a structure called hyphae, heterotrophic Feed on dead and decaying material Can cause disease – ring worm, yeast infections
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Kingdom Fungi Cell walls contain chitin (polysaccharide) Mushrooms, truffles, yeast Grouped by their reproductive structures
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Importance of Fungi to Humans Yeast!!!! Bread, and alcoholic beverages Decomposition – breaking down all the dead materials
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Kingdom Plantae
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Autotrophic – make their own food through the process of photosynthesis Cell walls contain cellulose Non-motile Nonvascular – moss Vascular Seedless – ferns Gymnosperms – pine trees Angiosperms – flowering plants
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Importance of Plants to the World Primary Producers – the energy source in ecosystems Medicines Removing carbon dioxide from the air and producing oxygen Wood for construction Fibers for clothing
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Kingdom Animalia
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Heterotrophic No cell wall Motile Most recent on the evolutionary time line!
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