1. Richard DalBello Vice President Government Affairs Intelsat General Joseph Chan Senior Manager Flight Dynamics Intelsat Improving Space Operations Workshop APRIL 15-16 2008 Industry Efforts to Increase Space Situational Awareness

2. The Intelsat Global Network 53 satellites 8 teleports 20,000+ Miles global fiber optic connectivity 56 points of presence in 37 cities around the world.

3. Managing the Space Environment Space Environment becoming increasingly congested Protecting high value assets is a priority for government and commercial actors Better coordination between industry and government could: –Provide new awareness of the GEO orbit –Allow commercial fleets to be flown in a safer manner –Ensure sustainable use of key orbits –Reduce likelihood of an accidental crisis

4. Collision Monitoring Today Operators rely on the Two Line Elements (TLE) publicly available on the Air Force Commercial and Foreign Entity (CFE) Program Website Informal agreements exist that allow the routine exchange orbital element and maneuver information between operators During special operations, such as satellite relocations and transfer orbit operations, special notification is provided which typically includes: –Latest orbital information –Near-term maneuver plans –Frequency information –Company contact information

5. Shortcomings of Current Approach The TLE does not contain the maneuver information necessary to predict the ephemeris of active satellites No common protocols for exchanging information on orbital elements The TLE does not accurately predict the close approach of non-operational space objects (drifters) Inter-operator coordination can be time consuming and data may not be available when needed Not all operators participate in close approach monitoring

6. The Result? Collision margins are increased A wider range of threats must be evaluated through inter-operator coordination Greater demands are placed on government for information and assistance

7. The Solution? Better cooperation between satellite operators Better cooperation between governments Better cooperation between satellite operators and governments

8. Cooperation Between Satellite Operators Data center concept: –Consortium supported by international satellite operators –Focal point for data exchange –Active processing center – conjunction monitoring and reporting –Established rules and protocol based on different levels of conjunction alerts –Member data are protected and secured –Technical support available for close approach mitigation

9. Goals of Data Center Enhance TLE data: –Augment TLE with operator precision orbit data and maneuver plans –Encourage data from other sources including radar, optical and other data from different academia institution, observatories and private/government agencies Enhancing communication: –Develop protocols for data exchange – from operators to data center and from data center to operators –Standardized data exchange format and content –Common usage and definition of terminologies –Established operator contact list

10. Owners/Operators workshop Feb 25, 2008 Washington, DC Summary of Discussion Points –Agreed the need to improve cooperation and coordination among owners/operators by means of data exchange to simplify conjunction monitoring and minimize risk. –Agreed to move towards creating owner/operator ftp sites and broadcast orbital information. Permission to access the information could be obtained from the owner/operator. –Agreed to, as far as possible, include the following when exchanging orbital information: ICD – meta data detailing file formats Orbital elements with reference frame Area-to-mass ratio or equivalent information Planned maneuvers in the near term Ephemeris data with reference frame with planned maneuver effects included –Intelsat, Inmarsat. EchoStar and CSSI will continue to work together on developing an active data center for collision monitoring. Other operators showed interested and are encouraged to join and take part in the prototyping phase.

11. Current Intelsat Monitoring

12. Intelsat gets data from different operators Different protocol of data sharing: emails and different ftp sites Intelsat develops different translators to translate and reformat information from different operators for Intelsat system Intelsat writes its own TLE propagator for close approach monitoring Inefficient two tiers alert approach is employed A huge efforts which grows as Intelsat shares data with more operators Same duplicated efforts needed for other operators for close approach monitoring => (n*(n-1)) effect !

13. Future Owner/Operator Monitoring – Phase 1

14. Individual operator regularly broadcasts data on individual ftp sites in its own format Active data center performs data conversion and reformatting Active data center performs close approach monitoring Inefficient two tiers alerts still needed No effort on operator to develop tools to manage data retrieval and data conversion from different sources Consistent close approach definitions and efficient coordination among operators Single point for POC

15. Future Owner/Operator Monitoring – Phase 2

16. Simplify JFCC Space effort to retrieve data from different operators regularly Reduced effort on JFCC Space to translate data for different operators Eliminated the need for individual operators to develop tools to send data to JFCC Space in pre-defined formats SP quality data remains classified and controlled Minimize security risk with only limited points of interface to classified area Single tier alert Support from JFCC Space to resolve close approaches and avoidance maneuver planning when necessary

17. Contact Information Richard DalBello Vice President External Relations Intelsat General dalbello@intelsatgeneral.com Joseph Chan Senior Manager, Flight Dynamics Intelsat joseph.chan@intelsat.com