1. Life Span Healthy Lifestyle

2. Defining Development The science of human development… Seeks to understand how and why people change over time.

3. Life Expectancy “The average number of years a person is expected to live”

4. Why do some people live longer than other?

5. Nature Nurture

6. Which of the following is an example of nature influencing life expectancy? A.The mother smoked while pregnant with the child B.Social-economical status C.The year of birth D.X-Y chromosome anomaly

7. The Life-Span Perspective Multidirectional http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cphgANTK0LA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cphgANTK0LA Multicontextual Multicultural Multidisciplinary Plasticity

8. Life expectancy 1850189019201950197019902011 38.342.556.366.367.972.778.4

9. Why? Why is life expectancy going up?

11. History of Health Care Early Civilization 1 st med schools – Greece – 600 B.C. – Hippocrates “The Father of western medicine”

12. Edward Jenner – Father of immunology – Smallpox vaccine 1749 - 1823

13. Bacteriology Louis Pasteur – Germ theory – Vaccine advancement 1822 - 1895

14. Bacteriology Joseph Lister – Father of Antiseptic Surgery – Hand-washing 1827-1912

15. Bacteriology Robert Koch – Founder of modern bacteriology – 1 st “Magic-bullets” – Staining 1843 - 1910

16. Alexander Fleming – Discovered Penicillin 1881- 1955

17. Antibiotics When was penicillin first available as a prescription drug? A.1868 B.1927 C.1928 D.1939 E.1943

18. What was the first vaccine available? A.Small pox B.Pertussis C.Diphtheria D.Tetanus E.Polio

19. What was the first vaccine available? A.Small pox (1796) B.Pertussis (1904) C.Diphtheria (1926) D.Tetanus (1938) E.Polio (1955) 1948 = DPT

20. Measles (1963) Mumps (1967) Rubella (1969) – MMR (1971) Hepatitis B (1981) Hib (1985) Chickenpox (1996) HPV (2006)

21. What happened to the small pox vaccine? D/C 1971 – eradicated

22. Nursing Role Florence Nightingale Clara Barton Dorothea Dix Lillian Wald

23. Why? Why is the USA not number 1?

24. Violence plays role in lower U.S. life expectancy Denver Post The Associated Press: 09 January 2013 WASHINGTON — The United States suffers far more violent deaths than any other wealthy nation, due in part to the widespread possession of firearms and the practice of storing them at home in a place that is often unlocked, according to a report released Wednesday by two of the nation's leading health research institutions.

25. Does “old age” = HEALTH?

26. Health “A state of complete physical, mental and social (spiritual) well- being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”

27. Holistic Health LIFE Physical Spiritual Mental Social

28. Health – Illness continuum

29. Health Promotion

30. Empowerment

31. Small Group Questions Define health, holistic & life expectancy. Describe in general that history of health care. Define nature vs. nurture How have the following people influenced health care? Hippocrates, Jenner, Pasteur, Lister, Koch, Fleming

32. Healthy Lifestyle

33. Nutrition Malnutrition – Poor dietary practice due to lack of nutrients Nutritious Diet  – Carbohydrates – Amino acids – Vitamins – Minerals

34. Chemical Avoidance Alcohol

35. Chemical Avoidance: Caffeine

36. Exercise 30 min/day

37. Stress reduction

38. Stress “Anything that upsets our psychological or physiological equilibrium”

39. Stress  Fight or Flight Stress  Adrenal Gland  Adrenalin & Cortisol Fight Or Flight Response

40. General Symptoms of Stress Respiratory rate –– Blood shunted from – GI Blood directed to – Muscles

41. General Symptoms of Stress Pupils – Dilate Pain perception –– Heart rate ––

42. Responses to stress Physiological Emotional Intellectual

43. General Adaptation Syndrome 1.Alarm Stage 2.State of resistance 3.State of exhaustion Hans Selye

44. Anxiety “Multisystem response to a stressful situation”

45. Levels of Anxiety Mild Moderate Severe Panic

46. Stress  Health SRRS – Social Readjustment Rating Scale

47. Stress Reduction Techniques 1.Meditate 2.Imaging 3.Breath deeply 4.Focus on NOW 5.Show some love 1.Massage 2.Take a time out 8.Music 9.Attitude break

48. Disease prevention Primary – Before disease Secondary – Diagnosis Tertiary – Rehabilitation

49. Mental Health Adjust Cope Contribute Realistic Fluctuates

50. Emotional Maturity When individuals are able to control their responses and can express their emotions in socially appropriate ways.

51. Small Group Questions List 5 healthy lifestyle practices. What are Hans Selye’s 3 stages of stress? Describe each stage What is Anxiety? How can you reduce or manage stress? What are the levels of disease prevention? Give an example of each level.

52. In GAS, what is the second stage? A.Alarm B.Resistance C.Exhaustion D.Adrenaline E.Adaptation

53. Homework Read – Key words – Learning objectives – Review questions Lecture notes