2. defined: the ability to do work. Classified: potential or kinetic potential energy is stored energy because of an object’s position Kinetic energy energy an object has because of its motion I. ENERGY

3. Man cannot create energy from nothing!!

4. The total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Depends on temperature and mass 1. temperature: as temperature increases, motion increases A. Thermal Energy

5. 2. mass: the greater the mass of a substance the more thermal energy. More mass means more particles are moving within the substance.

6. the measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance. a thermometer measures temperature in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius TEMPERATURE IS NOT THE SAME AS THERMAL ENERGY B. Temperature

7. Thermal energy is the TOTAL kinetic energy Temperature measures the AVERAGE kinetic energy

8. A.State Changes: A.The amount of attraction between particles depends on the speed at which the particles move. II MATTER AND THERMAL ENERGY

9. B. Thermal Expansion: the property of matter in which the temperature change is not very great, therefore a substance does not change state.

10. Expand: when the particles of a substance increase in speed and take up more space. Contract: When particles decrease in speed and occupy less space (shrink)

11. Calorie: the amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 degree C. Depends on mass and temperature change C. Measuring Thermal Energy

12. The ability of a substance to store thermal energy. D. Stored Thermal Energy

13. A.Conduction Heat that occurs when particles bump into each other but do not change location. 1. conductors: substances that allow heat to move through them easily. METALS 2. insulators: substances that do not allow heat to move through them easily. HEAT

14. B. Convection: heat that occurs when particles carry thermal energy as they move from one place to another. C. Radiation:: Heat that occurs when there are no particles to carry the energy.

15. A.Fuel Sources 1. fuel any substance that releases energy when it burns. wood, oil, gasoline, natural gas a. fossil fuels: fuel from fossils coal, crude oil, and natural gas. fossil fuels are nonrenewable III. HEAT AT WORK

16. nonrenewable: not able to be replaced renewable: able to be replaced

17. HEAT IN SPACE