1. - Responses to High and Low fertility -

2.  Dependency Ratio:  Dependency Ratio: An attempt on measuring the increasing dependency of wealth from the dependent (under 15 or over 65 y.o.) to the EAP.  We can calculate it: % NUMBER OF DEPENDENTS ______________________________ x100 % E.A.P

3.  Ageing Ratio:  Ageing Ratio: The ageing ratio compares the percentage of people 65 y.o and over to the total population. As the ratio increases the median age of the population rises. The populations that’re ageing most rapidly do so as a result of significant declines in fertility rates and increases in life expectancy.

4.  Examine the impacts of youthful and ageing populations.  Evaluate examples of a pro-natalist policy and an anti-natalist policy. Big Brother says “One Child”!

7. ADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES Provides a large and cheap future workforce. Puts a strain on education and health services. Provides a growing market for manufactured goods. Increased strain on food supplies. Source of new innovation and ideasReduced availability of suitable accommodation. Attractive to new investmentsLack of available employment opportunities in the future. Youthful Populations (LEDC’s)

8. ADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES A larger proportion of people can add their experience to the workforce. Cost of providing healthcare, shelter, pensions leads to increased taxes on increasingly small workforce. A growing ‘grey’ market for leisure and health products. Employment pressures in sectors that attract ‘greying’ workforce. Construction ‘boom’ in favoured retirement locations (Costa del Sol, Spain). Greater employment in public sector (care homes, health sector). Fewer working in private sector could harm countries global competitiveness. Lower crime ratesSmaller contingency in Armed Forces Ageing Populations (MEDC’s)

9.  Managing ageing and youthful populations.  Pro-natalist policies (Singapore).  Anti-natalist policies (China).

10.  Read from page 26 to 31 (China population policy)  Read Singapore population policy (p.33)  Compare and Contrast* the two policies taking into consideration both advantages and disadvantages of YOUTHFUL AND AGEING populations?

11. Compare and contrast : Give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout.