1. Policy and Sector National Reform to Accelerate and Sustain Access to Improved Rural Sanitation UNC Conference on Sanitation and Health November 2012 Eddy Perez Reinventing the Rural Sanitation Sector

2. The Challenge Rural sanitation programs that are : Effective Large scale Sustainable Reaches the poor and other marginalized groups

3. WSP’s Scaling Up Rural Sanitation Business Area Core components of theory of change Strengthen Enabling Environment Generate Demand for Improved Sanitation Strengthen Supply Learning and Knowledge

4. Evidenced Based Learning Large Scale Rural Sanitation  Programmatic Approaches:  Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS)  Behavior Change  Sanitation Marketing  At-Scale Sanitation Service Delivery Models:  Local governments  Domestic Private Sector

5. 2.7% increase per year 4.2% increase per year Source: Government of Thailand Access to Rural Sanitation in Thailand 1959-2005 Beyond Scaling Up: How Do We Accelerate the Rate of Increase in Access? Stronger government rural sanitation sector enabling environment

6. Strengthen the Enabling Environment: Eight Key Components Financing and Incentives This dimension assesses the adequacy of arrangements for financing the programmatic costs. These costs include training, staff salaries, transportation, office equipment and supplies, and the development of communication and education materials as well as line items in budgets for program and promotion activities.

7. Example of Indicators for Components

8. Assessment of Enabling Environment for Scaling Up Rural Sanitation in India, Indonesia and Tanzania Background  Baseline assessment in 2007  TA action plan to address weaknesses based on assessment  Large Scale pilot as learning laboratory  Endline assessment in 2010  Monitoring and strengthening enabling environment continuing >2010

9. Baseline and Endline Assessment for Rural Sanitation Sector in India, Indonesia and Tanzania Progress Was Made

10. Institutional Arrangements - Tanzania National lead institution identified for Rural sanitation Roles and Responsibilities for sanitation are clear Coordination mechanisms are established Dedicated budget lines Clear operational structure and capacity

11. Availability of Sanitation Products and Services - Indonesia Products and services respond to consumer preferences Improved supply chain Products available and affordable for all economic categories of consumers Products available with appropriate marketing and quality assurance controls Innovative products and services developed

12. Cost-Effective Implementation - Himachal Pradesh, India Awareness of cost-effectiveness implementation taking place Cost-Effective assessment system in place Cost-effective assessment capacity in place [some] Cost data collected, analyzed, and utilized [some] Cost-effectiveness data used for future rural sanitation planning

13. Program Methodology - Madhya Pradesh, India Demand led programmatic approach establish (by National Government) Program methodology adopted by State government [some] Programmatic approach adopted by local governments Demand led programmatic methodology implemented

14. 2040 Strengthening the Enabling Environment So What? Current and hypothetical rates of sanitation access increase in Rural Indonesia

15. Acceleration of Access in East Java According to government data, rate of increase in access in East Java: Proportio n of HHs have access to improved sanitation 1993200820092010Average yearly increase 1993-2008 Average yearly increase 2009 - 2010 Rural11.1%32.3%33.9%38.8%1.42%4.85%

16. East Java19,918,491 Central Java 18,155,819 West Java 14,840,945 West Nusa Tenggara 2,683,713 Bali 1,554,590

17. Selected Learnings  Countries/States with the strongest enabling environment at endline made the most progress in terms of accelerating access to improved sanitation and stopping open defecation.  The existence of a government led pilot program working at large scale was effective in providing evidence to strengthen political will and for identifying bottlenecks that needed be addressed at the national policy and sector level.  Strengthening the EE takes time and progress is often not linear. Progress continued to be made in each country after the 2010 baseline — but is still a work in progress in 2012.

18. Key Take-Away Messages  An effective sanitation sector requires profound and systemic reform of the enabling environment.  While more learning is needed, there is now proof of concept for the framework for an effective rural sanitation enabling environment  A strong enabling environment is key for a sustainable sanitation program that will enable governments to accelerate access to improved sanitation.

19. For more information: wsp.org @WSPworldbank This presentation was based on the WSP Working Paper, Policy and Sector Reform to Accelerate Access to Improved Rural Sanitation. Printed copies of the report are available today at the publications table, and at the World Bank/WSP Exhibition Booth (BO1:18). Download the PDF at wsp.org