1. Data SnapShot Series 1.0 October 2014 DATA SNAPSHOT Lake County

2. Table of contents Introduction 01 Demography 02 Economy 03 Labor Market 04

3. ​ Purpose ​ About Lake County 01 introduction

4. 4 Purpose ​ This document provides information and data about Lake County that can be used to guide local decision- making activities. ​ The Data SnapShot showcases a variety of demographic, economic and labor market information that local leaders, community organizations and others can use to gain a better perspective on current conditions and opportunities in their county. ​ To strengthen the value and usability of the information, we showcase the data using a variety of visual tools such as charts, graphs and tables. In addition, we offer key points about the data as a way of assisting the user with the interpretation of the information presented. ​ Finally, short takeaway messages are offered at the end of each section in order to highlight some of the more salient findings. Introduction section 01

5. 5 About Lake County Introduction section 01 County Background Established1837 County Seat Crown Point Area627 sq. mi. Neighboring Counties Jasper, IN Newton, IN Porter, IN Cook, IL Kankakee, IL Will, IL

6. ​ Population pyramids ​ Population change ​ Race ​ Ethnicity ​ Educational attainment ​ Takeaways 02 demography

7. 7 Population change Components of Population Change, 2000-2012 Total Change5,572 Natural Increase26,367 International Migration4,436 Domestic Migration-22,404 The total population is projected to increase by 2.9 percent between 2012 and 2020. Demography ​ Sources: STATSIndiana, U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census, 2010 Decennial Census, 2012 Estimates, Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change section 02 The total population increased by 1.9 percent between 2000 and 2012. The major contributor to that expansion was natural increase (births minus deaths over that span of time) with a net growth of nearly 26,000 persons. Data on domestic migration (the difference between the number of people moving out of the county versus moving in) shows that out-migration outpaced in-migration by nearly 22,000 people. On the other hand, international migration had a net increase of over 4,400, indicating that the county experienced an influx of new people from outside the U.S. 484,564 496,005 493,618 507,724 2020201220102000 Total population projections

8. 8 Population pyramids Population pyramids are visual representations of the age distribution of the population by gender. While the male to female ratio of the population did not change dramatically between 2000 and 2012, the distribution of people across the various age categories did change over the two periods of time. Demography ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2012 Annual Population Estimates section 02 The percent of people under 50 years old has decreased for both males and females over the 2000-2012 period. Also, the number of 50 and over now stands at nearly 169,000 people (about 34 percent of the population, up from 28 percent in 2000). Male Female 20122000 Male Female

9. 9 Race The number of non-White residents in Lake County increased by five percentage points between 2000 and 2012. While every race other than White experienced a numerical increase, the population of Asian, Other and Mixed Descent races gained the most people, expanding from 33 percent to 38 percent of the total population between 2000 and 2012. Demography ​ Race Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2012 ACS section 02

10. 10 Ethnicity Hispanics are individuals of any race whose ancestry is from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Spain, the Dominican Republic or any other Spanish- speaking Central or South American country. There were 59,128 residing in Lake County in 2000. This figure expanded to 82,652 by 2012—a 39.7 percent increase. As a result, Hispanics now make up 17 percent of the overall population (versus 12 percent in 2000). Demography ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2012 ACS section 02 17 % 12 % Hispanics - 2000 Hispanics - 2012

11. 11 Educational attainment Educational attainment for adults over 18 in Lake County is increasing. The proportion of adults (18 years of age and older) with a high school education or more improved from 80 percent in 2000 to 86 percent by 2012. The percent with less than a high school education fell by six percent over the 2000- 2012 period (from 20 percent to 14 percent). On the other hand, those with some college education grew from 28 percent to 32 percent. The number of adults with a bachelor’s degree or more stood at 18 percent in 2012, a slight increase compared to 2000. Demography ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2012 ACS section 02

12. 12 Takeaways ​ The population of Lake County is expected to grow modestly over the next few years, and if past trends hold, that increase will be largely due to natural increase (more births than deaths). ​ While Lake County’s population has been growing over the 2000-2012 period, it has also been aging. In addition, its domestic migration has declined by nearly 22,000, suggesting that young individuals and those of prime working age (20-39 years of age) are moving out of the county at a faster pace than they are moving in. ​ The educational level of the population has increased and the county has become more diverse by race and ethnicity since 2000. ​ In order to achieve a balanced ratio of working-age individuals and dependents (minors and elderly), Lake County should explore what mix of services and amenities will retain and attract educated young adults. Demography section 02

13. ​ Establishments ​ Industries ​ Occupations ​ Income and poverty ​ Takeaways 03 economy

14. 14 Establishments Components of Change for Establishments Total Change (2000-11)16,143 Natural Change (births minus deaths) 15,755 Net Migration388 The number of establishments in Lake County doubled between 2000 and 2011. The rapid growth of establishments was largely due to natural change. That is, 35,600 establishments were launched in the county between 2000-2011 while 19,800 closed, resulting in a gain of 15,755 establishments. Economy ​ Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2011 Database section 03 An establishment is a physical business location. Branches, standalones and headquarters are all considered types of establishments. Definition of Company Stages 0 1 2 3 4 Self- employed 2-9 employees 10-99 employees 100-499 employees 500+ employees

15. 15 Number of establishments by stage/employment category Economy ​ Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2011 Database section 03 20002011 StageEstablishmentsProportionEstablishmentsProportion Stage 0 3,25620%10,05830% Stage 1 9,31457%18,91158% Stage 2 3,50121% 3,26010% Stage 3 2571% 2561% Stage 4 461% 321% Total 16,374100% 32,517 100%

16. 16 Number of jobs by stage/employment category Economy ​ Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2011 Database section 03 20002011 StageJobsProportionJobsProportion Stage 0 3,2561%10,0584% Stage 1 35,91616%56,99425% Stage 2 87,71639%82,04836% Stage 3 43,48619%42,37019% Stage 4 56,05525%36,88216% Total 226,429 100% 228,352 100%

17. 17 Amount of sales by stage/employment category Economy ​ Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2011 Database section 03 20002011 StageSalesProportionSalesProportion Stage 0$319,631,8261%$673,636,6763% Stage 1$4,008,852,75915%$4,719,109,24321% Stage 2$9,024,364,23134%$7,949,058,30935% Stage 3$5,158,581,20020%$5,877,793,16626% Stage 4$7,734,249,83829%$3,526,973,81416% Total$26,245,679,854100%$22,746,571,208100%

18. 18 Top five industries in 2012 55.6 percent of jobs are tied to one of the top five industries in Lake County Health Care and Social Assistance is the largest industry sector (34,824 jobs). Accommodation and Food Services is the smallest of the top industry sectors with 18,124 jobs. Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – Complete Employment section 03

19. 19 Industry distribution and change NAICS CodeDescriptionJobs 2012% Change (2002-2012)Earnings 2013 11Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting639-10.9%$18,551 21Mining, Quarrying and Oil and Gas Extraction176-27.9%$107,293 22Utilities1,7301.7%$126,479 23Construction17,78825.1%$85,919 31-33Manufacturing25,290-11.7%$107,534 42Wholesale Trade6,076-13.3%$66,946 44-45Retail Trade27,407-4.9%$26,118 48-49Transportation and Warehousing10,84220.7%$53,948 51Information1,935-23.3%$43,244 52Finance and Insurance7,2013.1%$42,461 53Real Estate and Rental and Leasing8,33923.7%$23,385 54Professional, Scientific and Technical Services8,8294.4%$46,116 55Management of Companies and Enterprises1,79336.8%$99,665 56Administrative and Waste Management11,8271.0%$27,577 61Educational Services (Private)4,54156.9%$26,907 62Health Care and Social Assistance34,82420.1%$48,699 71Arts, Entertainment and Recreation7,652-17.1%$28,730 72Accommodation and Food Services18,13417.4%$15,376 81Other Services (except Public Administration)18,04925.9%$20,526 90Government28,830-3.7%$48,730 99Unclassified Industry<10-$54,835 AllTotal241,901-$48,711 Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2013.2 Complete Employment section 03

20. 20 Industry distribution and change The largest employment gains in Lake County occurred in:  Private Educational Services (+56.9 percent)  Management of Companies and Enterprises (+36.8 percent) The largest employment losses occurred in:  Mining, Quarrying and Oil and Gas Extraction (-27.9 percent)  Information (-23.3 percent) Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2013.2 Complete Employment section 03 Employment Increase Employment Decrease Changes in the top five industry sectors (2002- 2012): Health Care and Social Assistance Accommodation and Food Services Government Retail Trade Manufacturing

21. 21 Top five occupations in 2012 The top five occupations in Lake County represent 47.3 percent of all jobs. Office and Administrative Support and Sales and Related are the occupations with the largest number of workers. Production occupations is the smallest of the top five occupations in the county (seven percent of jobs). Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2013.2 Complete Employment section 03

22. 22 SOCDescriptionJobs 2012% Change (2002-2012)Hourly Earnings 2013 11Management10,7337.4%$33.50 13Business and Financial Operations7,81112.3%$26.86 15Computer and Mathematical1,903-2.0%$28.88 17Architecture and Engineering2,882-3.4%$35.56 19Life, Physical and Social Science1,44016.7%$28.99 21Community and Social Service3,0709.1%$19.00 23Legal1,7301.9%$45.03 25Education, Training and Library12,27311.0%$20.72 27Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports and Media4,7527.3%$14.79 29Health Care Practitioners and Technical14,84512.4%$32.61 31Health Care Support7,49425.0%$12.47 33Protective Service5,396-8.8%$17.47 35Food Preparation and Serving Related19,3889.6%$9.68 37Building and Grounds Cleaning Maintenance8,97811.4%$11.18 39Personal Care and Service15,34642.0%$10.15 41Sales and Related30,286-0.6%$14.22 43Office and Administrative Support30,468-4.8%$15.13 45Farming, Fishing and Forestry224-10.4%$11.51 47Construction and Extraction14,68218.1%$25.89 49Installation, Maintenance and Repair11,1863.1%$22.67 51Production15,967-8.9%$20.78 53Transportation and Material Moving18,1941.0%$18.01 55Military1,6724.1%$19.39 99Unclassified1,18125.5%$11.18 AllTotal241,901100%$18.91 Occupation distribution and change Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2013.2 Complete Employment section 03

23. 23 Occupation distribution and change Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2013.2 Complete Employment section 03 The largest percentage gains in jobs in Lake County occurred in:  Personal Care and Service (+42 percent)  Health Care Support (+25 percent) The largest percentage loss in employment occurred in:  Farming, Fishing and Forestry (-10.4 percent)  Production (-8.9 percent) Changes in the top five occupations (2002- 2012): Food Preparation and Serving Transportation and Material Moving Sales and Related Office and Administrative Production Employment Increase Employment Decrease

24. 24 Income and poverty 200020062012 Total Population in Poverty 11.1%16.7%19.6% Minors (up to age 17) in Poverty 15.6%26.5%31.3% Real Median Income (2012) $53,734 $52,327 $48,015 The median income in Lake County dipped by $5,700 between 2000 and 2012. Both the total population in poverty and the number of minors in poverty increased. The number of minors in poverty doubled between 2000 and 2012. Economy ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) section 03

25. 25 Income and poverty Median income in Lake County has decreased in recent years, while poverty has continued to increase. Economy ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) section 03

26. 26 Takeaways ​ All establishment growth in Lake County occurred in businesses having fewer than 10 employees. So, focusing on the needs of the self-employed (Stage 0) and start- ups (Stage 1) establishments may be worthwhile. ​ The food industry, health care, management, education and transportation are employment growth areas for Lake County. These are industries and occupations that demand workers with varying educational levels. ​ Median income has decreased and poverty has increased in Lake County since 2000. Lake County might focus on policies and programs that strengthen high-growth Stage 2 firms since they employ several people and capture sizable sales. Promoting job growth for occupations requiring educated workers could help retain adults with higher educational attainment and help increase median income. Services targeted to poverty-stricken individuals should be considered given the dramatic rise in poverty, especially among children under 18 years old. Economy section 03

27. ​ Labor force and unemployment ​ Laborshed ​ Commuteshed ​ Takeaways 04 labor market

28. 28 Labor force and unemployment 20022012 Labor Force227,989220,793 Unemployment Rate 6.4%9.2% The labor force in Lake County decreased by 3.1 percent between 2002 and 2012. This decrease is likely due to a rise in the number of individuals who are either officially unemployed or who have given up looking for a job. Labor market ​ Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Local Area Unemployment Statistics section 04

29. 29 Unemployment rate Between 2002 and 2012, the unemployment rate in Lake County peaked at 10.9 percent in 2010. Labor market ​ Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Local Area Unemployment Statistics section 04

30. 30 Commuteshed A county’s commuteshed is the geographic area to which its work force travels to work. Forty-one percent of employed residents in Lake County commute to jobs located outside of Lake County. The top commuteshed counties for Lake County residents who work outside of the county are Cook County, Illinois, and Porter County, Indiana. Labor market ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) section 04 83,806 Out-Commuters 120,585 Same Work/ Home CommutersProportion Cook, IL39,96019.6% Porter, IN11,0615.4% Marion, IN5,2952.6% Will, IL3,3411.6% DuPage, IL3,1561.5%

31. 31 Laborshed CommutersProportion Porter, IN25,55413.2% Cook, IL14,0267.2% La Porte, IN4,6852.4% Jasper, IN3,1311.6% Marion, IN2,5271.3% Labor market ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) section 04 72,982 In-Commuters 120,585 Same Work/ Home A county’s laborshed is the geographic area from which it draws employees. Thirty-eight percent of individuals working in Lake County commute from another county for work. Porter County, Indiana, and Cook County, Illinois, are the biggest sources of outside labor for Lake County. Sixty-four percent of in-commuters reside in counties adjacent to Lake County; however, the fifth largest laborshed county is the Indianapolis metropolitan area (Marion County, Indiana).

32. 32 Commuteshed in 2011 Labor market section 04 ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD Eighty percent of Lake County’s working residents are employed either in Lake or Cook Counties. Another five percent commute to Porter, while an additional five percent travel to jobs in DuPage, Will, LaPorte or Marion Counties Collectively, these seven counties represent 90 percent of the commuteshed for Lake County.

33. 33 Laborshed in 2011 Labor market section 04 ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD The bulk (80 percent) of Lake County’s workforce is drawn from Lake and Porter Counties. Another five percent is drawn from Laporte County in Indiana and Cook County in Illinois. An additional five percent comes from Will County in Illinois and Saint Joseph, Jasper and Marion Counties in Indiana. Combined, the eight counties represent 90 percent of Lake County’s laborshed.

34. 34 Takeaways ​ Lake County’s unemployment rate has increased since 2002. The majority of this increase occurred during the period of the Great Recession (approximately 2009—10). ​ Despite population increases, the county’s labor force has decreased since 2002, indicating that there may be an increasing number of individuals who are unemployed or are discouraged workers (workers who have given up trying to find a job). ​ Employees that work but do not live in Lake County tend to commute from surrounding counties. People who commute out of the county for work tend to travel to other metropolitan areas. ​ Lake County should assess if a major workforce development training effort should be targeted to the growing number of working age adults struggling to find jobs. ​ The laborshed and commuteshed data offer solid evidence of the value of pursuing economic and workforce development on a regional (multi- county) basis. Labor market section 04

35. 35 Report Contributors This report was prepared by the Purdue Center for Regional Development in partnership with Purdue University Extension. Labor market section 04 Data Analysis Indraneel Kumar, PhD Ayoung Kim Report Authors Elizabeth Dobis Bo Beaulieu, PhD Report Design Tyler Wright Adeline Jackson

36. ​ FOR MORE INFORMATION The Purdue Center for Regional Development (PCRD) seeks to pioneer new ideas and strategies that contribute to regional collaboration, innovation and prosperity. The Purdue Extension Community Development (CD) Program works to strengthen the capacity of local leaders, residents and organizations to work together to develop and sustain strong, vibrant communities. Please contact Janet Reed County Extension Director/Community Development Educator 219-755-3240 reedjm@purdue.edu PCRD Mann Hall, Suite 266 Purdue University 765-494-7273 pcrd@purdue.edu OR