1. Ancient Utahns Paleo, Archaic, Anasazi, and Fremont

2. Ancient Utahns All of the following Utahns had died off or moved away before any Europeans reached America. (before Columbus discovered America) We don’t know what they called themselves, but we have named them to help us classify them.

3. 1 st Paleo-Indians Paleo means “very ancient” Sometimes called Paleoamericans 45,000-8,000 BCE There is more we don’t know than we do know Constantly moved around looking for food

4. Paleo-Indians Paleo Indians were not unique to Utah They lived all over North and South America Paleo is not the name of a specific tribe, but the classification for humans in this area during that time- period

6. Paleo Indian—Nomadic Hunter and Gatherers

7. Time of wooly mammoths and saber tooth tigers

9. Paleo-Indians How have we learned about them? We have found stone that has been formed into tools (spears, grindstones etc) Discovery of baskets, knives, leather, etc found in locations such as Danger Cave in Western Utah.

10. 2 nd Archaic Indians They lived all over North and South America 8,000 B.C.-2,000 B.C. Archaic is not the name of a specific tribe, but the classification for humans in this area during that time-period Lived after most of the prehistoric animals had died off.

11. Archaic Indians: More Advanced Hunters and Gatherers

12. Archaic Indians in Utah Are sometimes called “Desert Gatherers” Moved around to find food

13. Wicki ups

14. Atlatl

15. Archaic Indians How do we know about them? Discovered: snares, ropes, baskets, sandals, scrapers, clothing made of hides, toys made out of sticks,

16. 3 rd Anasazi Also called: – Ancient ones – Ancient enemies – Ancestral Puebloans Lived from 2000 B.C. to about 1300 AD

17. Anasazis Lived in four corners area

18. Anasazi Used bow and arrow to hunt deer, mountain sheep, bison, antelope, rabbits etc Raised turkeys to eat Grew cotton which they used for making clothing Also grew corn, squash and beans for food Gathered seeds, berries, pine nuts, sego lily bulbs, and wild onions.

19. Anasazi People

20. Clay Jug

21. Anasazi Made baskets, pottery, mats, sandals, headbands out of yucca plant Carved whistles out of bone Carved stone into knives with wooden handles Disappeared around 1300 AD

22. Anasazi

23. Anasazi How do we know about them? Discovered their cliff dwellings and pit houses Discovered storage units full of food Discovered tools and clothing artifacts Artwork and crafts

24. At the same time as the Anasazi

25. Fremont People

26. Fremont Named after the Fremont River where a lot of their artifacts were discovered. Like all the other indians we’ve talked about today we don’t know what they called themselves.

27. Fremont Traded with Anasazi Grew corn, beans and squash next to rivers Some were full-time hunters Created pottery, baskets, clay figurines, etc Disappeared around 1300 A.D.

28. Cliff Artwork

29. More Artwork

30. Pit House

31. Escalante Excavation Site of a Pit House

32. Clay Figures

33. More figures

34. Fremont How do we know about them? Have discovered their pit houses full of artifacts Have found evidence of their farming Wall paintings Figurines