1.  Scientific Name – Sus scrofa  Other common names – swine, porcine  Monogastric Digestive System (single stomach)  Boar – male pig  Sow – mature female after she has given birth  Litter Size 8-12  Gilt – immature female pig  Barrow – castrated male pig  Piglet – baby pig

2.  Gestation – 114-(118 days) – 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days  Estrus Cycle – 21 days  Body Temperature – 102 degrees farenheit  Lactation – (21)-28 days  Farrowing – sow giving birth (parturition)  Average Daily Gain – approximately 2 lbs. per day. (gilts 1.7 – barrows 1.8+)  Feeder Pig – 50-60 lb pig ready to move into the finishing phase.

3.  Condition – measurement of body fat on breeding stock animals  Finish – measurement of body fat on market animals (typically measured between the 12 th and 13 th rib – called backfat)  Ideal backfat on a market hog is ½ inch  Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS) – genetic condition that results in pigs that are very easily stressed sometimes even to the point of death  PSE – Pale, Soft and Exudative – condition of meat from swine that have been stressed shortly prior to slaughter.

4.  Paternal traits (father, sire, terminal)  Fast growth rate  Heavy muscling  Efficient Feed Conversion  Maternal traits  Large litter size (prolific)  Heavy milk production  Strong mothering instincts (docile)

5.  Diagrams  Parts (27)  Bones (24)  Wholesale Cuts (5)  Ear Notching (10)

6.  How would piglets behave on a sow with lactation failure?  What are the two leading countries of pork production?  Who is the leading country of pork consumption per capita?  What are two reasons a producer should clip needle teeth?  What are three things that a producer “should” during piglet processing?  What are a couple of congenital defects seen in piglets?

7.  What age do gilts reach puberty?  What width should an ally be to move pigs?  What weight would be considered underweight and disadvantaged at birth?  Why is it important to examine the scrotum before castration? (two reason)  When should boars be castrated?  What is the average neonatal mortality?  Define neonatal  Define congenital defect

8.  Define the term cryptorchid  What should be done with piglets that are splay legged both front and rear?  What tools are required to process piglets?  What tool is helpful when moving hogs?  What temperature should it be in the farrowing room?  What tool can be used to restrain a pig?  Name three ways a piglet would be considered disadvantaged?

9.  What disease of piglets is caused by a Staph infection?  What are important characteristics to evaluate when selecting replacement gilts.  List and describe the three phases of the swine industry.  Name two ways that a producer can help make sure colostrum is more evenly available to all piglets.  What are the two leading causes of piglet mortality?

10.  Explain how the feeding systems of a gestating sow and a market hog are different and why?  Explain what PEDv is and its current impact on the swine industry.