1. (Aperture, Shutter Speed, Depth of Field and ISO)
EXPOSURE
(Aperture, Shutter Speed, Depth of Field and ISO)

2. Perfect Exposure:
An image that has black blacks, white whites and a wide spectrum of tones in between. Not too dark, not too light, just perfect…

4. Taking a Photograph – An Analogy Everyday you get to sit in this room and try to get a great suntan. What factors will control how nice a tan you get? (no burning, no staying too pale?) 1-Size of Window? (Aperture) 2-How long window stays open? (Shutter Speed) 3-How quickly you tan? (ISO)

5. Aperture – Determines 2 things:
1. Size of opening in camera lens for light to pass
through.
2. Depth of field
Shutter speed – Determines time it takes for shutter to open and close (at which time light is allowed into camera thru aperture)
Depth of Field – Distance in front and beyond the sharply focused subject of the picture. This is controlled by the aperture.

6. Aperture is measured in “f-stops” (Eg. F2, f11)
Actual camera lens set to f16

7. F16
F2.8
There is a direct correlation between aperture size and depth of field. As the aperture decreases, more of the image is in focus.

8. Depth of field Examples
Diagram below shows why a small aperture has a greater depth of field than a large aperture. (The light intersects for a longer time!)

9. Depth of field example #2

10. aperture demo
DOF demo

11. Slow Shutter Speed Examples

12. Fast Shutter Speed Examples

13. ISO stands for International Standards Organization and it refers to the industry norm for sensitivity of emulsion based film, with 100 ISO being not so sensitive (and the standard ISO used by most people) to 1600 ISO which is extremely sensitive to light.
Finer grain Larger grain
Higher quality photos Lower quality
Less light sensitive More light sensitive
If you get in a situation where you have the aperture fully open and the shutter speed selected is too slow to hand hold such as 30th or 15th/sec, use the higher ISO settings, they are like a Godsend in digital photography

15. What if you set your aperture in order to get the desired depth of field but your camera is telling you that you need to use a shutter speed of 1/15 to get a correct exposure? (You can only handhold your camera without blurring the photo down to a shutter speed of about 1/60.)
Change your ISO setting to a higher number ( from 100 to 400, 800, or 1600) so that the camera is more sensitive to light. Then you should be able to take the photo at a shutter speed of 1/60 and still get a correct exposure.

16. The "SIM CAM" shutter speed and aperture simulator
Time to Practice!!!
The "SIM CAM" shutter speed and aperture simulator