1. Aperture and Depth of Field

2. APERTURE (F/STOP) 1.What is it? 2.Where is it? 3.What does it do? 4.When do you use it? 5.Why would you use F/2.8? 6.Why would you use F/22? THIS IS APERTURE, Also called an F/stop

3. Aperture- refers to the opening in the lens It controls: - how much light is let in through the lens - Depth of field

4. Every aperture setting is called an f/stop, or a whole stop of light To increase the aperture is to open up To decrease the aperture is to stop down. The standard f-stops are: f/1, f/1.4,f/2,f/2.8,f/4,f/5.6,f/8, f/11,f/16,f/22,f/32 If you open up your lens, you must increase your shutter speed. If you stop down, you must decrease your shutter speed.

5. Aperture also controls the Depth of Field

6. What is Depth of Field? A camera can only focus its lens at a single point, but there will be an area that stretches in front of and behind this focus point that still appears sharp. This zone is known as the depth of field. It’s not a fixed distance, it changes in size and can be described as either ‘shallow’ (where only a narrow zone appears sharp) or complete (where more of the picture appears sharp).

7. Shallow vs. Greater (or complete) Depth of Field? f/1.8 Shallow depth of field f/16 Greater depth of field

9. Focal distance also affects depth of field. If your subject is far away from the camera, the greater (or more complete) the depth of field. You would not be able to get a shallow depth of field no matter what aperture you use. Mostly used for landscapes or for subjects you don’t want to have blurring.

10. Shallow Depth of field The shorter the focal distance you are from the subject, the shallower the depth of field. You have to be within about 10-15 feet of your subject to get a shallow depth of field Good for emphasizing your subject. Or blurring out distracting backgrounds. Shallow depth of field is usually f/5.6 and below. The lower the number, the more extreme the blur. Shallow depth of field lets in a lot of light, the aperture is wide open. So this will affect how fast the shutter speed is. HOW?

11. Examples of a LARGE Aperture- shallow depth of field

18. Greater or complete depth of field More parts of the picture are in focus If everything is in focus it’s considered a complete depth of field Complete depth of field is usually higher # f/stops, like f/16 or f/22 Question: How much light would these f/stops let in? Answer: not much, it’s a small aperture! So what happens to the shutter speed then? Remember, DO NOT let the shutter speed go under 60!!

19. What if the shutter speed makes me go under 1/60? What can you do? You can use a tripod. Or bump up the ISO higher, this will allow more light to hit the sensor, and you can shoot above 1/60 shutter speed. BUT this will result in a poorer quality photo.l ISO

20. Examples of a SMALL Aperture- complete depth of field (f/22) Good for landscapes and for subjects you want entirely in focus.

21. You can be close up to a subject and still get a complete depth of field by using f/16 or f/22.

25. Now it’s your turn… Shallow Depth of Field or Complete Depth of Field?

32. Can you have a shallow depth of field with this subject? Why or why not?