1. Teaching Oral Communication Skills
Indawan Syahri
April 19, 2017

2. Teaching Oral Communication Skills
Types of Spoken Language
What makes Speaking Difficult
Microskills for Oral Communication
Teaching Pronunciation
Factors Affecting Pronunciation Learning
A model for Correction of Speech Errors
Types of Classroom Speaking Performance
Principles for Designing Speaking Techniques
Techniques for Teaching Oral Communication Skills
April 19, 2017

3. Types of Spoken Language
Monologue
Dialogue
Planned
Unplanned
Interpersonal
Transactional
Familiar
Familiar
Unfamiliar
Unfamiliar
April 19, 2017

4. What makes Speaking Difficult
Clustering
Redundancy
Reduced forms
Performance variables
Colloquial language
Rate of delivery
Stress, rhythm, and intonation
Interaction
April 19, 2017

5. Microskills for Oral Communication(1)
Produce chunks of language of different lengths
Orally produce differences among the English phonemes and allophonic variants.
Produce English stress patterns, words, in stressed and unstressed positions, rhythmic structures, and intonational contours.
Produce reduced forms of words and phrases.
Use an adequate number of lexical units (words) in order to accomplish pragmatic purposes.
Produce fluent speech at different rates of delivery.
Monitor your own oral production and use various strategic devices—pauses, fillers, self-corrections, backtracking—to enhance the clarity of the messages
April 19, 2017

6. Microskills for Oral Communication(2)
Use grammatical word classes (nouns, verbs, etc.), systems (e.g., tense, agreement, pluralization), word order, patterns, rules, and elliptical forms.
Produce speech in natural constituents—in appropriate phrases, pause groups, breath groups, and sentence constituents.
Express particular meaning in different grammatical forms.
Use cohesive devices in spoken discourse.
Appropriately accomplish communicative functions according to situations, participants, and goals.
Use appropriate registers, implicature, pragmatic conventions, and other sociolinguistic features in face-to-face conversation.
April 19, 2017

7. Microskills for Oral Communication(3)
Convey links and connections between events and communicate such relations as main idea, supporting idea, new information, given information, generalization, and exemplification.
Use facial features, kinesics, “body language” and other nonverbal cues along with verbal language in order to convey meaning.
Develop and use a battery of speaking strategies, such as emphasizing key words, rephrasing, providing a context for interpreting the meaning of words, appealing for help, and accurately assessing how well your interlocutor in understanding you.
April 19, 2017

8. Teaching Pronunciation
Views on teaching pronunciation have changed dramatically over the last half-century of language teaching.
April 19, 2017

9. Factors Affecting Pronunciation Learning
Native language
Age
Exposure
Innate phonetic ability
Identity and Language ago
Motivation and concern for good pronunciation
April 19, 2017

10. A model for Correction of Speech Errorsx
MESSAGE - O +
CONTINUE
ABORT
AFFECTIVE
FEEDBACK
COGNITIVE
April 19, 2017

11. Types of Classroom Speaking Performance
Imitative
Intensive
Responsive
Transactional dialogue
Interpersonal dialogue
Extensive
April 19, 2017

12. Principles for Designing Speaking Techniques
Cover the spectrum of learner needs, from language-based focus on accuracy to message-based focus on interaction, meaning, and fluency
Be intrinsically motivating
Encourage the use of authentic language in meaningful contexts
Provide appropriate feedback and correction
Capitalize on the natural link between speaking and listening
Give students opportunities to initiate oral communication
Encourage the development speaking strategies
April 19, 2017

13. Techniques for Teaching Oral Communication Skills
Pronunciation: Rhythm and thought group (see p. 270)
Pronunciation: Intonation (see pp )
Pronunciation: Stress (see p. 274)
Pronunciation: Meaningful minimal pairs (see p. 275)
Grammar (see p.276)
Discourse (see p. 277)
Interactive techniques
Individual practice: Oral dialogue journals
April 19, 2017

14. THANK YOU
April 19, 2017