1.  Voter ID Laws GROUP 24 Joyce Anderson, Douglas Grant Caitlyn Smith, & Alice Willis

2. Table of Contents  Introduction / Background Information  Define the Issue  Establish the Decision Criteria  Collect and Analyze Data  Identify and Evaluate Solutions  Defend and Implement Decisions  Evaluate, Review, and Revise  Conclusion

3. Background Info  What are voter ID laws?  Why are they used?  Why they are not used?

4. Define the Issue  Need to preserve the integrity of the voting system  American voters diminished confidence in the voting system  Arguments for and against

5. Establish the Decision Criteria  Will voter ID laws be effective in North Carolina?  Four key decision criteria  Improvement of voter confidence  Elimination of fraud  Equal voting rights  Implementation costs

6. Establish the Decision Criteria Improvement of Voter Confidence  Importance of protection of voting rights  Integrity of election process

7. Establish the Decision Criteria Will it Eliminate Fraud?  Few documented cases  Honest mistakes  Procedural errors

8. Establish the Decision Criteria Equal Voting Rights  Will it disenfranchise voters?  Formation of barriers  Discrimination

9. Establish the Decision Criteria Implementation Costs  Free voter ID cards  Education Costs  Administrative Costs  Strapped Budgets

10. Collect and Analyze Data  Improvement of voter confidence  Will it eliminate fraud?  Equal voting rights  Implementation Costs

11. Collect and Analyze Data Improvement of Voter Confidence  Fraud undermines voter confidence in representative government  ID requirements are direct and effective  States responsibility under 10 th Amendment

12. Collect and Analyze Data Will it eliminate fraud?  Fraud an over exaggerated topic  Absentee-ballot fraud vs. Voter- impersonation fraud  See Table 1 on next slide

13. Collect and Analyze Data Will it eliminate fraud?

14. Collect and Analyze Data Equal Voting Rights  Not discriminatory  Uniformly applied to all state residents  No evidence where ID laws are already enacted

15. Collect and Analyze Data Implementation Costs  Costs taxpayers $18 - $25 million over three years  North Carolina’s itemized expenses  See Table 2 on next slide

16. Collect and Analyze Data Implementation Costs State ExpenseWhy it’s needed3 year Estimate- NC Educating VotersTV ads, mailings, other outreach to inform current and new voters $13-$15.8 million ID CardsID materials/equipment, increased demand at DMV $2.5-$4.7 million Administrative CostsHiring, training, printing ballots, updating procedures $3.5-$5.5 million Total Costs $18.5-$25.2 million for three years

17. Identify and Evaluate Solutions  Four Possible Solution Alternatives  Strict Photo ID  Non-Strict Photo ID  Strict Non-Photo ID  No Voter ID

18. Identify and Evaluate Solutions

19. Identify and Evaluate Solutions Strict Photo ID  Must provide valid form of ID  Driver's license, passport, or state identification card  If unable to provide valid form of ID  May vote a provisional ballot  Must provide valid form to county election officer  By mail or electronic source  Before the meeting of county board of canvasssers

20.  Pros  Increases prevention of voter fraud  Increases voter confidence in electoral system  Cons  Around 9.25% of registered voters in NC lack state-issued photo ID  High costs providing free voter IDs to the 9.25% of voters who don’t have the required ID Identify and Evaluate Solutions Strict Photo ID

21. Identify and Evaluate Solutions Non-Strict Photo ID  Voters must present a valid form of personal photo identification  Drivers license, passport, student ID card, or military ID  If individual fails to provide proper ID they may sign an affidavit and vote a regular ballot

22. Identify and Evaluate Solutions Non-Strict Photo ID  Pros  Moderately increases prevention of voter fraud  Increases voter confidence in electoral system  Cons  Still have issues with voters not having required ID  Costs will still be incurred for those who don’t have required ID

23. Identify and Evaluate Solutions Strict Non-photo ID  Each voter must provide designated means of identification that do not need a photo  Official vote registration card, birth certificate, passport, hunting/fishing license, current utility bill, etc.  If individual fails to proper identification will be allowed to vote a questioned ballot.

24. Identify and Evaluate Solutions Strict Non-photo ID  Pros  Slightly increases prevention of voter fraud  Moderate increase of voter confidence  Cons  Still may have issues with voters not having required ID  Still a possibility of voter fraud

25.  No voter ID law at all  Voters not required to provide any personal identification at all Identify and Evaluate Solutions No Voter ID

26.  Pros  No costs will be incurred  Cons  Voter fraud will continue to occur  Voters not confident in the voting system Identify and Evaluate Solutions No Voter ID

27.  Weighted 4 decision criteria on a scale of 1-4  1 = not a concern, 2 = slightly concerned, 3 = moderately concerned, 4 = major concern  Accessed the importance of each criterion and rated it on a scale of 1-4.  1 = no impact, 2 = slight impact, 3 = moderate impact, 4 = major impact Identify and Evaluate Solutions Decision Matrix

28. CriteriaWeightAlternatives Strict PhotoNon-Strict Photo Strict Non- Photo No Voter ID Fraud Issues44331 Confidence34321 Costs23211 Equality Issues 11111 Total 35262110

29. Defend and Implement Decision Recommendation  Implement strict voter ID in NC  Require all voters to present a government issued Voter ID card  Applicant must fill out a Department of State application form and sign an oath/affirmation  Info needed to obtain a free State Voter ID card  Name, address, DOB, SSN (if issued one), county, & previous name/address if changed in past 12 months

30. Defend and Implement Decision Advantages and Disadvantages of Solution Advantages  Preventing fraudulent voting will cut cost  Voter Fraud only detected after the fact  Better to prevent than track down  Help society by enabling people to  Get to work  Open bank accounts  Other functions of society that are impossible without photo ID Disadvantages  Population percentage with ID unknown  Implementation could be costly  2 million in first year  Smaller cost in following years

31.  Immediate Impact on North Carolina DMV  Already have cameras & staff on hand  More work for staff or more employees needed  Financial Impact  Assessed after a year and needed funds should be addressed by the legislation  Impact on Voters  Two year period to obtain Voter ID Card  No cost Defend and Implement Decision Impact on Stakeholders

32.  Ethics & Morals  Best for whole state of North Carolina  Considered multiple perspectives  Opposing parties’ opinions  Diversity  Discrimination  Globalization  Researched but did not play a big role  Environmental Defend and Implement Decision Edge Perspective

33. Evaluate, Review, and Revise  When to review  3 years from implementation  After 2016 Presidential Election  How to review  Establish a panel to observe  Record voter turnout, number of provisional ballots, & number of voters turned down because of law  Compare past election results with new results

34. Conclusion  We provided a solution to preserve the integrity of the voting system through the  Use of the Decide Model  Understanding of our decision criteria  Use of Edge Perspective

35. Questions?