2. ENEZETA presents

3. Important concepts in cultural studies An Introduction

4. High Culture A set of cultural products/practices and/or manifestations highly esteemed by a culture. The best that has been said and thought in the world. (Matthew Arnold) The culture of an elite group. THE Arts

5. High culture can be said to exist in opposition to...

6. ...popular culture A culture of the people......for the people.

7. popular culture A culture widely favored by many people.

8. The culture left over after leaving out what is considered high culture. popular culture

9. HIGH LOW In postmodern theory, the fuzzy terrain between high and low cultures.

10. popular culture The site of struggle between forces of resistance and of incorporation, between dominant and subordinate cultures/classes (Antonio Gramsci). HEGEMONY

11. popular culture A culture that is commercially produced to be consumed by a mass of non-discriminating consumers.

12. counter-culture /kountrklchr/ A culture with values and mores that run counter to those of established society. OR... MAINSTREAM A way of life and set of attitudes opposed to or at variance with the prevailing social norm.

13. counter-culture /kountrklchr/ for example

14. sub-culture(s) Ken Gelder proposed key ways in which subcultures can be identified: 6

15. sub-culture(s) By virtue of their negative relation to work. Subcultures are thus seen as parasitic, at play or at leisure 1

16. sub-culture(s) By virtue of a negative or ambivalent relation to class. Subcultures refuse to be seen as being class-conscious or as being defined by class. 2

17. sub-culture(s) By virtue of an association with/to a defined territory. 3

18. sub-culture(s) By virtue of their non- domestic forms of association. 4

19. sub-culture(s) By virtue of a refusal of the banalities of ordinary life and massification. 5

20. sub-culture(s) Subcultures adopt particular styles in fashion/clothing, language and behavior and attach a certain symbolism and/or ideology to these elements. 6

21. CAN YOU THINK OF GROUPS OF PEOPLE THAT CAN BE DESCRIBED AS A "SUBCULTURE"?

22. urban tribes Goths Ganguro Floggers Ravers Rudeboys Acidheads Skinheads Nation Brothers Raggas Emos

23. Where would you say these cultural TEXTS belong? make-up comics rock blues wine Mohawks punk music Shakespeare Nike shoes jeans classical music leather jackets Madonna Keith Haring’s paintings A Hundred Years of Solitude movies operajazz

24. Baker, Chris. Cultural Studies. 3rd Ed. Gelner, Ken. Subcultures: Cultural Histories and Social Practice. Storey, John. An Introduction to Cultural Theory and Popular Culture. Music: Easy Jam by Kevin MacLeod. http://incompetech.com http://incompetech.com Images: Counterculture and subculture: wikipedia except anarchism (anarchism.net) Presentation by Nahirana Zambrano Cultura y Sociedad_Inglés English Department School of Modern Languages University of Los Andes, Venezuela References/Credits