1. Trends in Online Media Cindy Royal, Ph.D Associate Professor Texas State University School of Journalism and Mass Communication croyal@txstate.edu www.cindyroyal.com www.onthatnote.com tech.cindyroyal.net twitter.com/cindyroyal facebook.com/cindyroyal linkedin.com/in/cindyroyal

2. Milestones in Multimedia 1997 Blackhawk Down 1998 Drudge Report Google 1999 Blogger IndyMedia 2001 DotCom Bust 9/11 Tributes Wikipedia launched 2002 Google News 2004 Jon Stewart on Crossfire Rathergate Press Credentials to Bloggers WikiNews, Facebook, Digg 2005 YouTube News Corporation buys MySpace 2006 Macaca Invention of the Year -YouTube Person of the Year - You Google Buys YouTube $1.65B 2003 RSS Google Buys Blogger MySpace launched 1995 Craigslist launched Slate, Salon, USA Today, Houston Chronicle, Philadelphia Inquirer 2007 VA Tech Shooting Twitter tips at SXSW Invention of the Year - iPhone CNN/ YouTube Debates Pre-1995 Wired Magazine - 1993 NY Times on AOL - 1994 Nando -1994 1996 Washington Post Wall Street Journal Chicago Tribune LA Times MSNBC 2008 CBS acquires CNET Candidates embrace social media EveryBlock.com 2009 Hudson Plane Crash photo Iran elections Politifact wins Pulitzer MSNBC purchases Everyblock Foursquare & Gowalla 2000 AOL/Time Warner merger 2010 iPad released Wikileaks Facebook -500M Users; Zuckerberg Person of the Year; The Social Network 2011 Egyptian Protests Coupon sites AOL/HuffPo merger

3. Web Development Categories Basic HTML design Programming emerges Blog Platforms Content Management Systems Other

4. Basic HTML Design HTML – early 90s, language of the Web Became XHTML to add structure, conventions – early 2000's; next gen is HTML5 Cascading Stylesheets – CSS – 1996; next gen is CSS3 Javascript (1995), Flash (1996), AJAX Web programming – PHP, ASP, Ruby, Python, etc.

5. Web Hosting Domain registration/hosting – lots of options; I've used doteasy.com; avahost.net, godaddy.com, bluehost.com FTP Tools  Fetch (Mac, free) - fetchsoftworks.com  WS-FTP (PC, free) - ipswitch.com  Net2Ftp – net2ftp.com - Web-based FTP  FireFTP – fireftp.mozdev.org - Firefox Add-on HTML Tutorials  Barebones Guide to HTML - werbach.com/barebones  W3 Schools - w3schools.com/html Beyond the basics there's Flash, Javascript, PHP, audio and video editing...

6. Blog Platforms Started as platform for online journaling; Web sites for people who didn't know html. Early platforms – Open Diary, LiveJournal late '90s Blogger -started 1999 by Evan Williams (also Twitter) and Meg Hourihan; purchased by Google 2003 Movable Type – 2001; Six Apart Wordpress – 2003; can host yourself or on their site Posterous and Tumblr – fully featured blog platforms; social media usage a

7. Content Management Systems Wordpress has often been modified as CMS – free on their site or monthly fee of $< 10/month in most cases on another host – With WP, pay for domain and access to CSS to customize – Customization requires knowledge of html/css Drupal Joomla Other hosted CMS

8. My.HSJ.org system Provided by ASNE Simple to use CMS Ability to upload text, photos & video Have blogs Editing and admin

9. Other Turnkey Solutions School Newspapers Online – schoolnewspapersonline.com Wordpress-based, but they design and customize for you $400-$600 setup fee depending on theme you choose - includes domain registration, site setup, hosting, and support $200 renewal per year - includes domain renewal, hosting, and support Instruction manual available at http://docs.google.com/Doc?id=ddpzz8sk_12f 9gtwpcc

10. Other Online Tools YouTube Facebook or MySpace – set up groups; post content; stay in touch del.icio.us - social bookmark manager Niche Social Networks  LinkedIn Flickr/Picasa – photo sharing sites Animoto/Vuvox – online tools for developing slideshows and video Second Life – virtual world Wikipedia - discuss credibility, have students contribute, wisdom of crowd vs. gatekeepers Twitter – microblog; good way to add new content to a website on a regular basis, breaking news, connect with audience.

11. Free (or cheap) Software! SoundSlides – make a photo slideshow  Must be hosted on a Web site  Difficult, but not impossible, to embed on a blog  Soundslides ($39.95) must include audio (you can tweak with a silent file); new Soundslides Plus ($69.95) lets you choose whether or not to have audio Audacity – free; edit audio, create mp3 files iMovie (Mac) or Windows MovieMaker (PC) – video editing SnapZPro (Mac, $69) /Camtasia(PC or Mac, $99) – screen capture; use for developing online tutorials

12. On The Go... Rise in mobile technology UStream and Livestream – live stream with camcorder and laptop Qik.com & Ustream – stream LIVE video from your phone!

13. Equipment You don't need expensive equipment Most students have digital cameras or cell phones that can shoot photos/video Low-end cameras with video Digital audio recorders Camcorders

14. Developing An Online News Operation Integrated with your print operation Digital-first journalism – Web and mobile A Web editor can approve online stories, assignments for Web-only projects 1 or more Web producers can be responsible for multimedia aspects Integration with print and reporters to add visual interest to stories A content-management system with editor approval that allows multiple people to post to site A person with design responsibilities to oversee layout and design issues A social media editor who can oversee and integrate Twitter, Facebook presence, engage audience Multiple Twitter accounts, staff. Develop a policy with guidelines for how these accounts/personal accounts should be used.

15. Use social media to engage audience Make it easy for people to share and talk about your content Twitter Facebook – pages or groups Social bookmarks on posts Add widget on site Foursquare or Gowalla – location-based promotion/events Flickr/Picasa/Instagram YouTube

16. Keeping Up Google News/Yahoo News - Technology NY Times Technology/David Pogue Wired News Scobleizer TechCrunch Digg Web Strategy by Jeremiah Owyang Techmeme SensibleTalk.com Social Media Today Mashable Smashing Magazine 10000 Words

17. Resources  SXSW Interactive - www.sxsw.com/interactivewww.sxsw.com/interactive  Wired Magazine - www.wired.comwww.wired.com  Fast Company Magazine – www.fastcompany.com  Cyberjournalist.net - Great Work Gallery - www.cyberjournalist.net/category/great-work-gallery www.cyberjournalist.net/category/great-work-gallery  Online Journalism Awards - http://www.journalists.org/http://www.journalists.org/  Knight Digital Media Center - www.knightdigitalmediacenter.org www.knightdigitalmediacenter.org  Online Journalism Review Archives - ojr.orgojr.org  Interactive Narratives - interactivenarratives.org/interactivenarratives.org/  We The Media by Dan Gillmor  Convergence Culture by Henry Jenkins  The Long Tail and Free by Chris Anderson  What Would Google Do? - Jeff Jarvis  Journalism Next – Mark Briggs  Editor & Publisher Awards - royal.reliaserve.com/eppy/winners2008.html royal.reliaserve.com/eppy/winners2008.html  Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication - jcmc.indiana.edu jcmc.indiana.edu

18. Key Concepts New media Social media Social network Convergence Interactivity Hyperlinks Hyperlocal User-generated content User experience

19. Key Terms Web 2.0 Blog Microblog Mobile Mashup RSS Tag/ Tag Cloud Content Management System Podcast Wiki Web-first or Mobile First Journalism Programmer/Journalist Widgets/Plugin/App Location-based

20. Search Engine Optimization Most important thing – get others to link to you Google Page Rank algorithm Link to others, they are more likely to link to you Participate on comments, forums – tactfully include links to your content Write meaningful headlines – different than print Write strong teasers – not necessarily your lead Use phrases (keywords) frequently that you think people will be using to search for relevant content Fresh content – update regularly and often Use keywords in URLs Consistently use alt tags for images and videos; put content on video/slideshow pages Pages should have meaningful titles Use social media to spread your content, allow users to share Monitor your search standings and traffic – Google Analytics or other services

21. Why Learn HTML Regardless of the platform you choose, it is helpful to have a basic understanding of HTML/CSS – the language of the Web Ability to customize a CMS Ability to troubleshoot and add advanced functionality HTML provides the structure CSS provides the formatting Control the entire Web site with a single stylesheet; make global changes quickly and easily

22. Basic HTML Markup language – surround text with proper markup Open and close tags properly (i.e. Sample html page Cindy's Web Site This is a paragraph

23. Basic CSS Use a stylesheet to control the design/layout of a Web page Save sheet with.css extension Insert into the section of each page with the following code: Styles are defined in this manner: h2 { font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; } Use an existing stylesheet that you understand and modify it

24. Image and Graphic Manipulation Web resolution – 72dpi.jpg for photos;.gif or.png for graphics Optimize photos for file size; crop and adjust Photoshop Picnik - http://www.picnik.com/ Webresizer - http://www.webresizer.com/resizer/

25. Video editing iMovie – available on Macs for free; easy to learn, use Final Cut Express or Pro – more comprehensive, but more expensive Other video options include Window Movie Maker, Adobe Premiere, Pinnacle, etc. Ability to import, crop, add transitions, titles, sound Keep it short Choose your editing software Practice visual storytelling Publish online Start small, but make sure you start

26. Gear Lots of camera choices High Def? Accessories – tapes, batteries, microphone, tripod, headphones, lighting Focus, zoom, exposure Solid clips – avoid panning and zooming Get good audio

27. Digital Video Cheap cameras and editing software One person can produce high quality YouTube 20 hours of footage uploaded every minute The only way to learn video journalism is by doing it - Angela Grant (a former student) Video journalists or backpack journalists Both broadcast and non-broadcast

28. Plan Video Different approaches for different projects Storyboarding Focus story Choose interview and demonstration sequences as well as b-roll Mix your shots – wide angle, medium, close-ups

29. Five shots Close-up on the hands Close-up on the face Prepare your subject Wide shot Over-the-shoulder shot Creative shot

30. Interviews Select a location – think sound and lighting Have several pre-written questions – some can be discussed ahead of time Remain silent Use a stand-up, just in case Effective use of voiceover

31. Great Multimedia – Photos and Video New York Times Statesman MediaStorm Washington Post The University Star – star.txstate.edu Links and examples at cindyroyal.com/asne

32. Telling Stories with Data New York Times Texas Tribune Tools – Google Maps; Charts and Visualization; Fusion Tables Wordle, Chartle Links and examples at cindyroyal.com/asne

33. Student Projects Learn skills in XHTML, CSS, Flash, graphic design, photo, audio, & video editing Digital Storytelling via integration of tools Firestation Studios - http://www.jonzmikly.com/final/http://www.jonzmikly.com/final/ Hill Country Concours - http://cars.martin-whitaker.info/http://cars.martin-whitaker.info/ Farm 2 Table - http://farm2table.nicmartinez.com/http://farm2table.nicmartinez.com/ NPPA – Future of Journalism Workshop - http://www.onesonia.com/nppa/index.html South By Texas State – www.sxtxstate.com Mass Comm Week – txstatemcweek.com University Star – star.txstate.edu Course sites -  Web Design – cindyroyal.com/webdesign  Social Media at Work – cindyroyal.com/social  Advanced Online Media - cindyroyal.com/advanced