1. Chapter 5 Section 2

2.  Shay’s Rebellion:  Daniel Shay; Revolutionary War vet returned to his farm in debt  Summer 1786 small farmers like Shay demanded the courts be shut down so the farmers could pay off their debt  1787 Shay leads 1200 men to Springfield, MA to shut the banks down themselves  Militia disperse the farmers; clearly something is wrong

3.  Effects of Shay’s Rebellion:  Panic and dismay throughout the country  All states have poor farmers…  Will rebellions spring up across the country?  George Washington speaks out:  “What a triumph for our enemies…to find that we are incapable of governing ourselves”  Obviously time to look at new kind of government

4.  Major issue with country is inter-state trade  Problems with taxes states were putting on other states goods  Disagreements about navigation rights  Shay’s Rebellion provides spark needed to have states send delegates to address the issue  Convention- 1787  All states but Rhode Island send delegates to Philadelphia  Quickly the delegates give up the idea of “fixing” the Articles of Confederation and start drafting a new government

5.  Madison’s Virginia Plan:  Bi-cameral legislature  Represented by states population  Small states object vigorously!!!  William Paterson’s New Jersey Plan:  Single house legislature  Each state had an equal vote

6.  The Great Compromise:  Roger Sherman of Connecticut  Bi-cameral legislature  Upper House (Senate) all states represented equally  Lower House (House of Reps) states represented by size of population

7.  Should slaves be considered in the population?  South wanted to count them so they would have more representation in the House  North disagrees; without slaves being counted the North would have more representation  3/5 Compromise  Eventually agree that 3/5 of the slave population would count for a states total population

8.  Division of Powers:  New gov’t federalism- divided power between the states and national gov’t  Enumerated powers: powers given to the national gov’t Foreign affairs, national defense, regulating trade, coining money  Reserved Powers: powers kept by the states Education, marriage laws, regulating trade within the state  Both can establish taxes, and establish courts

9.  Separation of Powers:  3 Branches of Government  Legislative Make laws  Executive Enforce laws  Judicial Interpret laws