1. Growth Strategies for Secondary Education in Asia
Using ICTs for Teaching and Learning in Secondary Education: Asian Country Experiences and Lessons Learned
Growth Strategies for Secondary Education in Asia
Seminar, Sept. 2005
ICTs – Information and COmmunication Technologies
Cédric Wachholz, Chief, ICT in Education Unit UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education

2. Technologies in secondary education:
Waste
necessity? or
CHALLENGE: mixed audience – get us onto one level of understanding

3. Tech or not to tech education...?
Right question?
Tech or not to tech education...?
When are ICTs the most appropriate tools to achieve which educational objectives

4. What will you get out of this?
A set of eight key questions
Learn about and see examples
Summary of Lessons learned

5. ICT in Education projects
HED: ODL
Knowledge base
ICT in Education projects
Reduce disparities in educational access and quality through ICTs
Integrate ICTs effectively into teaching and learning
Assist in the policy, professional, curriculum and content development, in the hard- and software creation/ acquisition & decisions
Teacher training,
Professional Development
ASEAN
Schoolnet
Techn. & vocat. training
Most projects are JFIT funded
Order of project appearance
Projects in 22 countries in the region
Non-Formal Education
Clearing-house
Clearing-house
Indicator
Indicator
Meta-survey
POLICY

6. Overview Secondary Education Challenges
Dilemmas
Potential and Reality: ICTs for teaching & learning
Expanding access
Enhancing the quality of teaching and learning
Conditions for successful ICT integration
Systematic planning approach
Lessons learnt

7. „4 Take aways“!

8. Educational objectives first!
„Take away“!
Educational objectives first!

9. „4 Take aways“! Educational objectives first!
Not: Tech or not to tech education

10. Vertical and horizontal integration

11. „4 Take aways“! Educational objectives first!
Not: Tech or not to tech education
Vertical and horizontal integration
Policy
Training
Content
Hardware
Curriculum
Assessment
Decisionmaker
Ministry of Ed
Schoolleader
Teacher
Etc.

12. TechnologieS

13. „4 Take aways“! Educational objectives first!
Not: Tech or not to tech education
Vertical and horizontal integration
TechnologieS – consider all options
Policy
Training
Content
Hardware
Curriculum
Assessment
Decisionmaker
Ministry of Ed
Schoolleader
Teacher
Etc.

14. Pilot,
soft components
first

15. „4 Take aways“! Educational objectives first!
Not: Tech or not to tech education
Vertical and horizontal integration
TechnologieS – consider all options
Pilot -soft components like ICT enhanced content, professional development- first, then go scale
Policy
Training
Content
Hardware
Curriculum
Assessment
Decisionmaker
Ministry of Ed
Schoolleader
Teacher
Etc.

17. National Challenges Economic Shifts and Demands
The Challenges
National Challenges
Economic Shifts and Demands
Knowledge Dependent Societies
Technological Innovations
Digital Divide

18. The eternal triangle Quality Access Cost The Challenges
Quality and relevance in the WB publications: Expanding Opportunities and Building Competencies for Young People
A New Agenda for Secondary Education (WB 2005)
Cost

19. The Challenges
The eternal triangle
Quality
Access
Cost

20. The Challenges
The eternal triangle
Quality
Access
Cost

21. The eternal triangle: When could this happen?
The Challenges
The eternal triangle: When could this happen?
Access
Quality
Open and Distance Learning (ODL)
Cost

22. Educational Challenges
The Challenges
Educational Challenges
Limited access to education and learning
Inequities in educational opportunities
Quality of learning
Efficiency of education systems
New and escalating demands

23. Educational objectives first!
„Take away“!
Educational objectives first!

24. ICTs for which educational goals?
The Challenges
ICTs for which educational goals?
Expanding Educational Opportunities?
Increasing Efficiency?
Enhancing Quality of Learning?
Enhancing Quality of Teaching?
Facilitating Skill Formation?
Sustaining Lifelong Learning?
Improving Policy Planning and Management?
Narrowing the Digital Divide?

25. Secondary ED challenges
The Challenges
Secondary ED challenges
„...Policymakers need to understand that altering pedagogy requires a change in what teachers believe.“
Larry Cuban 1986
p. 103
Expanding Opportunities and Building Competencies for Young People
A New Agenda for Secondary Education (WB 2005):
CHapter 6: Responding to the Twin Challenges: Teachers, Teaching and Technology,
p. 103ff

26. When do teachers do the right thing?
The Challenges
When do teachers do the right thing?
Mission - believe in doing
Skills – Know how to do it
Impact – know why it would be helpful
Motivation – want to do it
Power - Have the tools and resources
Legitimacy - Are empowered to do it
Recognition - are rewarded for it
Source: IBM foundation

27. a Are ICTs the Solution? X Questions about Value of ICT
The Dilemmas X a
Are ICTs the Solution?
Questions about Value of ICT
Affordability
Sustainability
Implementability
With limited resources – where best to invest
The pressures
Vendors
Parents
Businesses
Technology advocates
The record

28. What is the potential value of ICTs?
Access
Potential Of
ICTs
Community Linkages
Efficiency
Effective Learning
For All
Planning &
Management
Learning
Anytime
Anywhere
Lifelong
Learning
Through...
Teaching
About…,
Skill Formation
With ICTs

29. Teaching and learning... Through ICTs: a delivery system
The Potential
Teaching and learning...
Through ICTs: a delivery system
Radio Broadcast
Interactive radio Instruction
Television
E-learning, virtual schools & universities

30. TechnologieS

31. Technologies Suitcase Radio Station Crank Radio Crank/Solar Radio
Digital
Satellite
Radio

32. Teaching and learning... Through ICTs: a delivery system
The Potential
Teaching and learning...
Examples of Sec Ed curricula
Through ICTs: a delivery system
About ICT use:
computer literacy
For teachers: train for immediate use
As a focus of study

33. Teaching and learning... Through ICTs (delivery system)
The Potential
Teaching and learning...
Through ICTs (delivery system)
About ICT use: computer literacy
With ICTs, as tools to enhance and change education:
Enhancing subject teaching and learning
Transforming the learning environment

34. Pedagogy-technology integration stages
Evolution
Pedagogy
Transforming
Infusing
Applying
Competencies
Emerging
Technology

35. 3. ICTs for What Learning Purposes?
Allow viewing of stored Information?
Foster exploration of materials and ideas?
Enable the application of a concept or understanding to a new situation?
Organize materials or ideas to foster analysis
Support evaluation and problem-solving
Facilitate constructing or designing projects

36. Educational objectives first!
„Take away“!
Educational objectives first!

37. Learning objectives and technologies
Text
Audio
Video
Computer
Internet
Storage or display X
Exploration
Application
Analysis
Evaluation
Constructing or design of Project

38. Source: Engauge: North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (
Refernce to MoE

39. Enhancing Quality of Learning
Potential
Motivate and engage learners
Bring life to concepts and processes
Foster Inquiry
Provide flexibility
Allow application of information
Provide access to world of information
Bring the world into the classroom
Offer collaborative opportunities and communication
Offer tutored and individualized learning
Solutions
Radio &TV
Multimedia Learning Modules
Virtual labs
Connecting to the Worlds
Designing and creating things
Korea – 1/3 of students were not aware

40. Enhancing Quality of Teaching
Issues
Difficult profession
No one-shot training
Continuum
Initial training
Lifelong upgrading
Connecting
Solutions
Multimedia training and Support System
Training Videos
Teacher development Portal
Internet resources for teachers
E-learning

41. Which conditions will lead to successful teacher training & ICT integration?

42. Professional Development
The realities
Lessons learned
1) Systematic planning, policy development
POLICY
Teacher training,
Professional Development
2) Guidelines and training for Teacher Education institutions
ASEAN
Schoolnet
3) ICT integration into Secondary Maths, Science, English teaching in eight ASEAN countries
Order of project appearance
Projects in 22 countries in the region
Indicator
4) ICT in ED indicators
Clearing-house

43. SchoolNet: ICT-enhanced content
Curriculum review in eight ASEAN countries
Selection of common topics
Production of regional materials
Production of national materials in national language
15 best off back into English

44. Lessons learned UNESCO case studies Malaysia Philippines Indonesia
Republic of Korea
Singapore
Thailand

45. 1) Broader Environmental Context
Same vision, ICT part of masterplan
Educational objectives: holistic approach
Adequate technological infrastructure
Appropriate enabling environment:
-integral part of the education masterplan

46. 2) Policy and regulatory environment
Working closely with other government organisations
Horizontal and vertical integration
Pilot first, phased implementation
Legal, regulatory framework: initial filtering
Narrow digital divide
A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

47. Vertical and horizontal integration

48. 2) Policy and regulatory environment

49. 3) Management and Financing
Have a champion on all levels
Include ICT in Ed in adminstrator support programme:
-Hardware only 1/3 of costs!
Team of educators and technologists, coordination with other projects;
Public-private partnerships
A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

50. 4) ICTs in Schools – Policy, vision and strategy
Clear, shared vision & master plan
Appoint ICT coordinator, best: not technology expert, but champion
Support & encouragement from school leader
Parent & community support accelerates change
A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

51. 5. Curriculum, Pedgaogy and Content development
ICTs as tools to meet curricular goals; need to reconsider assessment
Shift in pedagocial approaches: time consuming
Clearing house: quick and easy access tor resources
Mechanism to evaluate content, local language
A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

52. 6. Professional development
Peer and school-based training of teachers:
Their workplace!
For classroom use
Continuous training, built-in process, benefit to teachers
Incorporate e-learning, including online learning
Capacity building for personnel at all levels
Incentive system, motivational strategies
Change mindsets through buddy systems (mentors)

53. 7) Technology, infrastructure and connectivity
Phone company, IPS support
Balance equity and effectiveness, reach marginalized areas
Connectivity Options
Donation of computers: vocational colleges provide maintenance?!
Online & Offline resources, in-house training for Learning Management Systems
Open Source software
Maintenance
A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

54. 8) Monitoring and evaluation
Document benefits
Methodologies: Quantitative and qualitative methods
Starts with programme design, continuous process
A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

55. 8 keys to successful ICT integration
Broader environmental context
Policy and regulatory framework
Management and financing
ICT in Schools –Policy, Vision and Strategy
Professional Development
Curriculum, Pedagogy, and Content Development
Technology Infrastructure and connectivity
Monitoring and evaluation

56. Join the NET-project
Next Generation of Teachers (NET-) project vision:
By 2008, all member states will offer the future generation of teachers an education on how and when to use technologies best for teaching and learning, through training integrated in all national PRE-SERVICE TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTIONS in the Asia Pacific Region…”

57. Keep in mind... contact us: Email: Website: ICTinfo@unescobkk.org