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TERMINOLOGY OF JOINT MOVEMENT
Nuria Manrique Morá
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Terminology of joint movement
It is necessary to establish the correct terminology to describe the diverse joint movements.
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Joint movements Flexion Extension Lateral flexion Abduction Adduction
Rotation Circumduction Hyperextension
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FLEXION The movement in which two body parts with common articulation bend toward each other.
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Truck flexion
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Elbow flexion
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Shoulder flexion
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Hip flexion
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Ankle flexion or dorsiflexion
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Knee flexion
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EXTENSION The movement in which two body parts with common articulation extend away from each other
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Trunk extension
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Elbow extension
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Shoulder extension
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Hip extension
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Knee extension
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Ankle extension or Plantar flexion
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LATERAL FLEXION The lateral movements of the torso and head in the frontal plane.
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Lateral neck flexion
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Lateral trunck flexion
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ABDUCTION (separation)
The lateral movements of the body part away from the vertical axis of the torso.
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Hip abduction
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Shoulder abduction
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ADDUCTION (approximation)
The lateral movement that pulls a body part toward the vertical axis of the torso.
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Hip adduction
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Shoulder adduction
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Rotation The movement in which a body part turn around its vertical axis.
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Hip flexion combined with external rotation of the right hip
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Hip flexion combined with the internal rotation of the right hip
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