1. Foundations of United States Citizenship
The Bill of Rights
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6

2. Motivation
What rights and privileges do you take for granted that people in other countries do not even have?
Today, you'll learn more about these benefits.
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

3. Lesson overview What is the importance of the Bill of Rights?
What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee?
What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

4. Lesson overview (cont’d)
How are the rights of the accused protected?
How are other rights protected?
How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all Americans?
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

5. Lesson overview (cont’d)
What other amendments were passed during the 1900s?
What changes did the civil rights movement bring?
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

6. Quick Write
As American citizens, we have many rights. List some of the rights that are important to you.
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

7. What is the importance of the Bill of Rights?
The Bill of Rights protects civil liberties.
Civil liberties—freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

8. What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee?
Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press
Freedom of assembly
Freedom of petition
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

9. What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?
Compelling public interest—the safety and security of Americans
Free speech does not include
Inciting a riot
Spreading lies in speech or printed matter
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

10. How are the rights of the accused protected?
The Fourth Amendment
Protects against unreasonable search and seizure
The Fifth Amendment
Requires indictment for serious federal crime
Protects against double jeopardy
Protects against self-incrimination
Limits governmental power of eminent domain
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

11. How are the rights of the accused protected? (cont’d)
The Sixth Amendment
Requires informing accused of charges
Guarantees trial by jury
Guarantees right to a lawyer
The Eighth Amendment
Allows for bail
Forbids cruel and unusual punishment
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

12. How are other rights protected?
The Second Amendment
Allows individual citizens to keep and bear arms
Allows militia members to bear arms
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

13. How are other rights protected? (cont’d)
The Third Amendment
Requires consent for soldiers to move into private home during peacetime
Requires that Congress authorize the practice in times of war
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

14. How are other rights protected? (cont’d)
The Seventh Amendment
Concerns civil cases
Guarantees jury trial if amount of money involved is more than $20
Does not require jury trial; dispute may be decided by a judge
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

15. How are other rights protected? (cont’d)
The Ninth Amendment
Guarantees additional unwritten rights to citizens
The Tenth Amendment
Reserves any powers not given to the federal government to the states
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

16. How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all Americans?
Thirteenth (1865)—outlawed slavery
Fourteenth (1868)—defined citizens as those born or naturalized in the United States
Fifteenth (1870)—guaranteed the right to vote to people of all races
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

17. What other amendments were passed during the 1900s?
Sixteenth (1913)—empowered Congress to levy an income tax
Seventeenth (1913)—allowed voters to elect their senators directly
Eighteenth (1919)—prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

18. What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? (cont’d)
Nineteenth (1920)—gave women the right to vote
Twentieth (1933)—shortened the time between the president’s election and inauguration
Twenty-first (1933)—repealed the Eighteenth Amendment
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

19. What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? (cont’d)
Twenty-second (1951)—limited presidents to two full terms in office
Twenty-third (1961)—gave residents of Washington, D.C., the right to vote for president and vice president
Twenty-fourth (1964)—made poll taxes illegal in national elections
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

20. What other amendments were passed during the 1900s? (cont’d)
Twenty-fifth (1967)—provided for presidential succession in the event of death or incapacity of the president
Twenty-sixth (1971)—gave citizens 18 and older the vote in national and state elections
Twenty-seventh (1992)—banned Congress from raising members’ salaries until after the next election
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

21. What changes did the civil rights movement bring?
Objections to the discrimination African Americans faced after the Civil War led to
The formation of the NAACP and the National Urban League
Desegregation of the armed forces and public schools
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

22. What changes did the civil rights movement bring? (cont’d)
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., led peaceful protests of unfair laws.
The Civil Rights Act of 1957
Set up a civil rights commission and a civil rights division of in the Justice Department
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

23. What changes did the civil rights movement bring? (cont’d)
The Equal Pay Act of 1963
Banned wage discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or national origin
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

24. What changes did the civil rights movement bring? (cont’d)
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
Protected free access of minorities to the polls
The Open Housing Act of 1968
Prevented discrimination by those who sell homes
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Banned discrimination against persons with physical or mental disabilities
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

25. What changes did the civil rights movement bring? (cont’d)
Ongoing challenges
Controversy over affirmative action programs
Workplace discrimination
Racial profiling
Hate crimes
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

26. Lesson review
The Bill of Rights protects civil liberties and guarantees certain rights to all Americans.
The First Amendment guarantees
Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press
Freedom of assembly
Freedom to petition the government
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

27. Lesson review (cont’d)
The safety and security of all Americans can limit First Amendment rights.
The Fourth Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
The Fifth and Sixth Amendments
Protect the rights of people accused of crimes
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

28. Lesson review (cont’d)
The Eighth Amendment
Guarantees a speedy trial, allows for bail, and forbids cruel and unusual punishment
The Second Amendment
Deals with keeping and bearing arms
The Third Amendment
Prevents soldiers from moving into private homes during peacetime
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

29. Lesson review (cont’d)
The Seventh Amendment
Guarantees a right to a jury trial in civil cases
The Ninth Amendment
Gives citizens rights in addition to those mentioned in the Constitution
The Tenth Amendment
Reserves any powers not given to the national government to the states or the people
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

30. Lesson review (cont’d)
Three amendments passed after the Civil War
Thirteenth—outlawed slavery
Fourteenth—granted equal protection to all citizens
Fifteenth—outlawed denial of voting rights based on race
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

31. Lesson review (cont’d)
The Sixteenth through Twenty-seventh Amendments deal with issues such as
Direct election of U.S. senators
Women's right to vote
Elimination of poll taxes
Right of 18-year-olds to vote
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

32. Lesson review (cont’d)
The civil rights movement attempted to obtain full civil rights for all African Americans.
President Truman desegregated the military.
The Supreme Court desegregated public schools.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., encouraged acts of nonviolent resistance, such as sit-ins, marches, and boycotts.
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

33. Lesson review (cont’d)
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration
Ongoing problems include
Controversy over affirmative action programs
Workplace discrimination
Racial profiling
Hate crimes
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

34. Summary What is the importance of the Bill of Rights?
What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee?
What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

35. Summary (cont’d) How are the rights of the accused protected?
How are other rights protected?
How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all Americans?
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

36. Summary (cont’d) What other amendments were passed during the 1900s?
What changes did the civil rights movement bring?
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

37. Next Done— The importance of the Bill of Rights
Next— The branches of the U.S. government
Foundations of United States Citizenship
Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights