1. A Distributed Smart Signal Architecture for Traffic Signal Controls Dustin DeVoe Richard Wall, PhD University of Idaho Moscow, ID USA

2. Motivation for Distributed Control Reduce Complexity Enabling technologies – Promotes open architecture – Encourages development of new technologies and services Overcome legacy technology and practices – Less expensive installation – Easier to tune – Reduce misinformation – Improve service to all users 2Univerity of Idaho Engineering

3. Research Goals Identify Suitability – New control devices – New instrumentation Identify Advantages – Access – Safety – Reconfigurable – Upgrades 3Univerity of Idaho Engineering

4. Contact Switches Traffic Controller Time Evolution of Traffic Control Mechanical Switch Traffic Controllers of 1924 4Univerity of Idaho Engineering

5. Conflict Monitor Load Switches/ Signals Traffic Controller Detectors NEMA TS1 Standard - 1976 Evolution of Traffic Control 5Univerity of Idaho Engineering

6. US Approach - Distributed Control? SDLC Bus Detectors Load Switches / Signals MMU Traffic Controller NEMA TS2 Standard - 1992 6

7. Application of Distributed Standard Implementation of IEEE 1451: Plug and Play 7Univerity of Idaho Engineering Application Processor NCAP TII Smart Transducer STIMTED Arbitrary Network

8. Current Traffic Control Design Web Based Configuration Interface 8Univerity of Idaho Engineering NEMA TS2 Controller System NTCIP: National Transportation Committee for Intelligent Transportation Systems Protocol

9. Smart Signals Traffic Control Design 9Univerity of Idaho Engineering Advanced Controller System NEMA TS2 Controller System NTCIP: National Transportation Committee for Intelligent Transportation Systems Protocol

10. Communication of Information Local Time Signal Status Pedestrian Timer Pedestrian Status Pedestrian Call Plug and Play Network Traffic Controller NTCIP – Traffic Communication Standard Encrypted Power-line Ethernet Communications 10Univerity of Idaho Engineering

11. Results  Able to implement IEEE 1451  Allowed dynamic signaling  Easy implementation of innovative devices  Enabled Plug n’ Play  Resolved inaccuracy issues with distribution of information  Required translation of standards  Did not comply with accepted industry practices  Proprietary interface 11Univerity of Idaho Engineering

12. Project Progression Field Testing NTCIP with IEEE 1588 Time Sync Full NTCIP Plug and Play Lab Test 12Univerity of Idaho Engineering

13. Work in Progress 13Univerity of Idaho Engineering NTCIP & IEEE 1588 Time Sync Networked Pedestrian Signals Various Controller Types Work with Federal Agencies Human Factors Addressing the Disabled Remote Pedestrian Access

14. Conclusion  Increased flow of information can improve level of service at the signal  Distributed architecture increases system functionality  IEEE 1451 is implementable for an traffic control environment  Required translation of information between protocols 14Univerity of Idaho Engineering

15. Future Work Network Security – Intrusion – Reliability – Performance recording Educating the Industry Field Tests Human Factors Smart Vehicle Signals Integrate with Federal Initiatives 15Univerity of Idaho Engineering

16. Long Term Goals 21,000 of the 43,000 deaths annually on America's highways are caused by roadway departure and intersection related incidents. VII In 2003, more than 9,000 Americans died and roughly 1.5 million Americans were injured in intersection related crashes. CICAS 16Univerity of Idaho Engineering