1. Life During the Civil War
                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                  
Life During the Civil War

2. Soldiers Johnny Reb Billy Yank Pay: approximately $13.00/month
750,000 (18-45) served
1 out of 3 died
Billy Yank
2.1 million (18-45) served
1 in 10 died
Pay: approximately $13.00/month

3. Camp Life Some pleasant moments: Generally dull and boring:
Songs, stories, letter writing/reading, baseball, read bibles/newspapers, poker
Generally dull and boring:
Drills, marches, rain, bad food, cleaning weapons, etc

4. The Reality of War Huge losses Trench Warfare
Technology and Tactics don’t match
Horrible Medical Facilities
Many desertions:
1 in 11 Union
1 in 8 Confederate

7. (Union hand stretchers at Maryre's Height's, May 1864)
The Union Army Ambulance Corps
(Union hand stretchers at Maryre's Height's, May 1864)

8. Harper's weekly-1862 Article The Influence of woman

9. Women Spies Soldiers Nurses
Elizabeth Van Lew and Harriet Tubman (Union)
Bell Boyd, Loretta Janeta Valazquez, Rose O’Neil Greenhow (Confederate)
Soldiers
Loretta Janeta Valazquez
Nurses
Clara Barton (Red Cross), Dorthea Dix (military nurses), Sally Tompkins (S)

10. Roles
Women worked to manufacture arms, ammunition, uniforms, and other supplies for the soldiers.
Prior to its destruction, women in the Fayetteville arsenal made some 900,000 rounds of small arms munitions in 1864.
People were grateful for the contributions of women in the war, and newspapers reported their work.

11. Women in the War
The women of the war formed groups like the Sick Soldier's Relief Society and the Soldier's Aid Society.
In the South and in the North too, women made bandages for the wounded and knit socks to keep the soldiers' feet warm and dry.
A few, Louisa May Alcott, author of Little Women, among them, volunteered to nurse the wounded.

12. Ladies of the state of Michigan relief association help out with Union wounded in Virginia.
                                                                                                   

13. Union Sanitary Commission nurse with her patients in a field hospital near Fredericksburg, Virginia.
                                                                                               

14. Women As soldiers
Both the Union and Confederate armies forbade the enlistment of women.
Women soldiers of the Civil War therefore assumed masculine names, disguised themselves as men, and hid the fact they were female .
Estimates place as many as 250 women in the ranks of the Confederate army .
Sarah Edmonds Seelye served two years in the Second Michigan Infantry as Franklin Thompson.
In 1886, she received a military pension.

15. Opposition to the War Peace Democrats/Copperheads Draft Evaders
Political and economic reasons
Feared social change, against Lincoln, wanted to negotiate with the Confederacy
Draft Evaders
Refused to respond to the draft call
New York Draft Rioters
A “rich man’s war/poor man’s fight” (hoppers)
Quakers
Religious reasons—A matter of conscience

17. U.S. Draft

19. THE CIVIL WAR DRAFT RIOTS: The finest hour of the Metropolitan Police was their heroic defense of the city during the draft riots of Angry mobs, protesting the conscription plans of Lincoln's embattled administration, murdered African-Americans, burned precinct houses and other buildings, and beat Police Superintendent John Kennedy senseless

21. The Economy The war was financed by:
Borrowing money—War bonds (high interest)
N—2 billion, S—700 million
Increasing taxes including an income tax
Printing Paper Money
“Greenbacks”

22. The Economy—North Inflation Northern economy booms
Prices rose faster than wages—80% rise
Northern economy booms
RR traffic increase
Boom in coal, iron, and clothing production
Farms prospered—need for food for soldiers
More efficient methods of production

23. The Economy—South South lay in ruins Northern blockade Inflation
1000s homeless, cities burned
RR and farmland devastated
Northern blockade
Severe shortages
Food riots
Inflation
Prices rose 9000%