1. IR Safety Plan- Investment strategy & Safety environment Presentation by : M.C. SRIVASTAVA Member Traffic Railway Board Indian Railways

2. 150 th Year of dedicated service has grown from a mere 32 Km.to a vast network of more than 62,000 kms. has acted as a great unifying factor for the nation with diverse geographical/ regional features. Stood up in times of national emergencies, natural disasters etc. faced many challenges with the inherent resilience of this vast organization.

3. Safety Safety is the sum total of efforts of men and management, observance of methods ( Rules, procedures & practices), Performance of machines ( materials and maintenance practices), Utilization of Funds.

4. Main Focus in preparing Safety Plan HRD related activities and issues Implementation and monitoring Safety equipment and material Safety projects likely to reduce casualties Administrative decisions for utilization of Funds

5. Safety Plan It is a paradigm of five Ms- Men Management Methods Machines Money - in that order

6. PERFORMANCE OF IR DURING 1950-2001 INPUTS Addition to Route Kms. 17% Addition to Wagon Capacity 156% Addition to Passenger Coaches 141% Addition to Loco Tractive Effort 124% OUTPUTS Growth of Freight Traffic 544% Growth of Passenger Traffic 435%

7. INDIAN RAILWAYS – AN OVER VIEW KEY STATISTICS 2001-2002 ROUTE KILOMETERS 62759 TRACK KILOMETERS 107969 NO. OF LOCOMOTIVES 7517 NO. OF PASSENGER VEHICLES 36510 NO. OF WAGONS(IN FOUR WHEELERS) BG 459160 NO. OF STATIONS 6867 NO. OF PASSENGER CARRIED DAILY 12.6 MILLION FREIGHT TRAFFIC (DAILY) 1.3 M. TONNES NO. OF PASSENGER TRAINS 8547 PER DAY NO. OF FREIGHT TRAINS 5401 PER DAY GROSS TRAFFIC RECEIPTS(1999-00) US $7.5Billion MAN POWER (REGULAR EMPLOYEES)1.57 Million

8. Strategy adopted for growth The growth in output has been possible on account of : A. Innovative operational strategy B. Close monitoring of productivity of assets. C.Adoption of multi-pronged approach of inducting appropriate and affordable technology

9. Overview of Safety on IR During1960s, the average number of accidents/year were around 1393. However, the average number of accidents/year came down to 866, 757 and 464 during1970s,1980s and 1990s respectively. Accidents per million train kilometers were 5.5 during 1960-61 and this has come down to 0.65 during 2000-2001.

10. TRAIN ACCIDENTS ON INDIAN RAILWAYS SINCE 1960-61 Year Collisions Derailments Level Fire Total Movement of traffic Train Accidents Crossingin Train Kms. per million Accdts. Trains (in Millions) Train kilometers 1960-6113014151814052131388.1 5.50 1964-65811035146311293433.2 3.00 1969-705475111147963473.0 2.00 1974-756669614023925430.1 2.20 1979-807269211521900503.4 1.80 1984-85396786530812541.1 1.50 1989-9034456428540618.0 0.87 1990-9141446369532617.1 0.86 1991-9230444479530629.2 0.84 1992-9350414519524632.3 0.83 1993-9450401663520634.2 0.82 1994-9535388735501641.9 0.78 1995-9629296685398655.9 0.61 1996-9726286654381667.6 0.57 1997-9835289666396675.8 0.59 1998-9924300676397686.9 0.58 1999-00203299321463695.0 0.65 2000-01203508417473723.8 0.65 2001-02*30280889 Misc 8415

12. Consequential train accidents include train accidents having serious repercussion in terms of loss of human life, human injury, loss to Railway property or interruption to Rail traffic. Collision, Fire in train, trains running into road traffic at level crossings, derailment and accidents of miscellaneous nature are included in consequential train accidents.

16. Consequential Train Accidents during 1997-2002

17. Broad causes of accidents on IR Railway staff failure 65.67% Equipment failure08.44% Failure of other than 17.46% Railway staff Sabotage03.45%

18. Safety in general Safety performance is dependant on the quality of the Human element and induction of safety related technology Emphasis on Training and wherever possible to prevent human failure through technological inputs Emphasis on clearing the backlog of replacement of overaged assets.

19. Funding of safety Projects Prior to the year 2000-2001, expenditures for track renewals, Bridge works, Signal & Telecom, Workshops, Rolling stock etc were planned under various heads and there was no special funding from safety angle. Further Road Safety Fund was created in the year 2000-2001 for building Road Over bridges and Road Under bridges.

20. Investment strategy A High Power Railway Safety Review Committee was set up in 1998. One of the major recommendations were to set up a “Special railway safety Fund”. Apart from the normal Budgetary commitments a “Special Railway Safety Funds” has been set up and the same is operative since October 2001.

21. Special Railway Safety Fund A non lapsable “Special Railway Safety Fund” (SRSF) has been set up to wipe out the arrears in renewal of over aged assets such as track, bridges, rolling stock and signalling gears etc. within a fixed time frame of 6 years.

22. Proposed plan under SRSF Track Renewals 45% Bridges 10.1% Signal & Telecommunication 18% Rolling Stock 19% Safety Enhancement measures 6.7%

23. Initiatives Taken Mobilisation of resources : raising revenue from non-traditional sources, such as commercial utilization of land and commercial publicity. public-private participation in various projects planned Mobilization of resources : raising revenue from non-traditional sources, such as commercial utilization of land and commercial publicity. public-private participation in various projects planned

24. Renewal of Overage Assets The following were the requirement of renewal : Arrears of Track Renewals (BG)-12,260 Kms. Distressed Bridges-262 Nos. Overaged Signalling Gear-1,560 Stations Overaged Coaches (BG)-1,322 Vehicle Units Overaged Wagons (BG)-34,000 (in terms of 4-wheeler units) As on 1.4.1999.

25. Funding Source for Various Categories of projects

26. Initiatives Taken Investments : rational distribution of funds for projects being undertaken in various states, within the availability of limited resources, for construction of New Lines, Doubling, Gauge Conversion and Electrification a clear and transparent formula adopted. Prioritization of safety related projects

27. Measures Implemented To reduce human failures, a major technical input of track circuiting in station areas has been inducted in the system. To have faster and better communication, Walkie – talkie sets have been provided to drivers & Guards of all trains. Train operation during foggy and inclement weather is monitored closely to avoid any mishap. To monitor track geometry, sophisticated track recording cars, osillograph cars and portable accelerometers are used. Nearly 10,000 accident-prone four-wheeler wagons CRT’s have been phased out from the system in the last two years.

28. Measures Under implementation. Drivers and Guards are also being progressively provided with LED based electronic flashing lamps. To reduce dependence on human elements and to prevent collision of trains, a device ‘block proving axle counter’ has been installed at 175 stations. To detect ‘rail fractures’ and ‘weld failures’ double rai Ultrasonic Flaw detectors and Self Propelled Ultrasonic Rail Testing cars are being procured. Modern simulators for training of drivers are getting installed and used in various training centers. Automatic switching “ON” of flasher lights of locomotives in emergencies has been planned. Level Crossing having heavy traffic density are being progressively interlocked with signals. Self propelled medical vans and accident relief trains are being introduced for faster relief during emergencies.

29. Trials being conducted :  A pilot project of Anti Collision Device (ACD) has been sanctioned. Trials of prototype ACD equipment have been started. Another Pilot project of ETCS (European Train Control System) being launched on trial basis on a small section.

30. Summary Safety is paramount to improve operational efficiency through intensive utilization of assets. Economics is the critical factor in deciding IR’s policies on technological upgradation of safety aids. More fundamental issue is to tackle the problem of replacing overaged assets and upgradation of maintenance infrastructure. Special Railway safety Fund has been set up for replacement of overaged assets for improved productivity, Safety and reliability. Emphasis on Modern Training Aids is an essential part of the human resource development programme Thus, the focus is on providing low cost and workable safety aids with emphasis on reduced human interference.

31. Thank you