1. TODAY – starting P3
LO: Describe some different types of renewable energy [C] Know how energy is generated in power stations [B]
STARTER
List as many renewable energy sources that you can think of!

2. Renewable vs Non-Renewable
Fossil fuels are non-renewable, once they have been burnt they cannot be used again and it will take millions of years for them to re-form.
Solar Power
Wind Power
Tidal/Wave power
Hydroelectric power
Geothermal energy
Renewable energy sources do not run out and can be used over and over again.
Examples are

3. Fossil Fuels The three fossil fuels are coal, oil and gas.
They can be burnt in a power station to generate electricity.
Because the electricity has to be produced from another energy form we call it a secondary energy source.
Electricity cannot be stored, so it has to be generated all the time.

4. How a power station works
The turbine drives the generator which creates electricity
The steam turns a turbine
Fuel is burnt to heat water which produces steam
A transformer is two coils of wire on an iron core. It changes electricity into a higher voltage so it can be sent around the national grid at v

5. How a power station works

6. Task
Using the templates and the information sheets create fact files for at least 4 different energy types.
HINT: It is a good idea to do Nuclear as one
Things to include:
How does it generate electricity (C) (include a diagram if necessary)
Advantages (B)
Disadvantages (B)

7. Extension Task (A)
You are a local politician and have been asked to help decide which type of power station you will have in your local area.
Which one will you choose and why??
Things to think about: What is the area you live in like? Does it have many people? Does it have much space? What is the weather like?

8. Energy Sources
Energy source
Advantage
Disadvantage

10. TITLE - efficiency
LO: how to calculate the efficiency of appliances [B] how to represent energy transfer using a Sankey diagram [C] how we can make buildings more energy efficient [D]
STARTER
When you eat a burger what does your body use the energy for?
Make a list!

12. Energy efficiency
efficiency = energy usefully transferred × 100%
total energy supplied
Energy efficiency is a measure of how much useful energy an appliance makes compared to how much initial energy is put into it
The more efficient it is
the better as it saves
money and resources
We can show efficiency
using a diagram

13. Efficiency questions Kettle – Input energy: 250j Useful output: 150j
Toaster - Input energy: 150j Useful output: 120j
Microwave - Input energy: 500j Useful output: 190j
Television - Input energy: 250j Useful output: 200j
Hairdryer - Input energy: 150j Useful output: 80j
Bulb – Input energy: 200j Useful output: 10j
60 %
80 %
38 %
80 %
53 %
5 %

14. Sankey Diagrams Show how one type of energy can be
converted into other types of energy.
LAW
Energy can not be created or destroyed it can only be transformed from one form to another.
Sankey Diagrams show the FLOW of ENERGY

15. Normal Light Bulb
Energy Saving Light Bulb

16. Task
Produce an informative leaflet that gives advice on how to make your home more energy efficient
Grade D – Give at least 3 examples of ways to make your home more energy efficient
Grade C – Explain how each method makes your home more efficient
Grade B – Discuss why some methods are better than others and why (think about cost vs what you will save)

17. EXAM QUESTION
5 minutes

18. Thinking Task
Mr Green is worried that his energy bills are really high and he cant afford to pay them, what advice would you give him of how to save money on his bills??

19. Wasted Energy
Pick an object from the kitchen and draw an energy flow diagram for that item. Then explain which is the wasted and which is the useful energy output.

21. TITLE – Electrical Energy
LO: know how and when to use ‘electrical energy’ equations
STARTER
Use the efficiency equation: efficiency = useful energy X100
total energy
A light bulb is supplied with J of energy is wasted as heat. How efficient is the bulb?
5 %

22. Power (W)
Voltage (V)
Current (A) X

23. Energy Transferred (J)
Power (W)
Time (s) X

24. Energy Transferred
(Kilowatt-Hours)
Power (kW)
Time (hrs) X

25. Cost
Number of kWh X
Cost per kWh

26. Energy Usefully Transferred
X 100
Efficiency =
Total Energy Supplied

27. Task
Produce a revision guide page that include the ‘Electrical Energy’ equations.
D – include information on power, electricity and energy
C – include all 4 formula triangles
B – create your own worked examples for each formula triangle
Extension – write some quiz questions on this topic

28. Quiz – which triangle?

29. An exam question gives you information that includes
Power is 600W and the Voltage is 30V what is the current? 20 A

30. An exam question gives you information that includes
You use 40kWh of electricity at a cost of 2 p per kWh, what is the cost? 80p

31. An exam question gives you information that includes
Work out the power. 600kWh of energy is transferred in 3 hours. 200 kW

32. An exam question gives you information that includes
400 J of energy is transferred at a power of 80 W. How long does this take? 5 s

34. Objectives
Describe how energy is produced from fossil fuels

35. Starter Activity List 2 non-renewable and 2 renewable energy sources
Give one advantage and one disadvantage for each type

36. Objectives
Describe how energy is produced from nuclear sources

37. Nuclear Power
Certain radioactive materials can be used to produce electricity in a power station instead of using fossil fuels.
The nuclear fuel is not burned though like fossil fuels. It is put into a nuclear reactor and nuclear fission occurs.
Nuclear fission releases huge amounts of heat energy that is used to heat water, creating steam to turn a turbine.
The energy released when 1kg of uranium is used it 100 million times greater than when 1kg of fossil fuel is used!

38. Nuclear power generator
Control rods control the speed of the nuclear reaction
(Uranium fuel rods)

39. What is Ionising Radiation?
Ionising radiation is given off by radioactive particles.
It is called ionising because it has enough energy to collide with atoms and knock electrons off it causing it to become a positively charged particle called an ion.
Ionised atoms have more energy so are more likely to react chemically and damage cells in the human body, causing cancer.

40. Uses of Ionising Radiation
Ionising radiation can be useful as it can be used to sterilise surgical equipment, kill cancer cells, as radioactive tracers and to preserve fruit.
Generally however it is harmful and causes cancer so we must limit the doses we are exposed to e.g. X rays.
We can protect ourselves by using lead and concrete to stop it and monitoring how much we are exposed to.

41. How the nuclear waste from the power station is dealt with (B)
Task: Using pages of the textbook and the internet create an informative poster or PowerPoint explaining:
How a nuclear power station works and include a diagram of the nuclear reactor (C)
How the nuclear waste from the power station is dealt with (B)
What nuclear fission is and how the chain reaction occurs (A)

42. Geiger-Müller Counter
Radioactivity can be detected using a Geiger-Müller Counter.
When radiation enters the tube, atoms inside are ionised by the radiation.
These ions are counted and shown as counts per second or counts per minute.

43. Nuclear Debate
In pairs you need to come up with arguments for and against having a nuclear power station built in Leeds.

45. Energy resources, Generators and the National Grid
LO: Consider environmental impacts of energy sources as well as cost [D] know that electricity is distributed by the national grid [C] know how generators use magnets to make electricity [B]
What is ionising radiation and why is it dangerous?

46. electron
photon of ionizing radiation
positively charged atom
Ionization happens when a photon with enough energy hits an atom or molecule inside a material.

47. How a Generator Works
You can make electricity by moving a magnet in or near a coil of wire.
This diagram is one of a small dynamo to power a bicycle light but works on the same principle as large power station generators.

48. Answer the Questions What 4 things would the best energy source be?
Give 2 cost related issues on energy sources
Give 2 environmental issues of energy sources
Using the table on 97 compare the good and bad points of each energy source
Explain how a generator works
Why does the National Grid distribute electricity at a high voltage rather than at a high current?
EXTENSION – construct a mind map using ‘electricity’ as your centre word

49. Working out the cost