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Power Point to Making Cards
Breaking Down Glucose Power Point to Making Cards
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Anaerobic (no oxygen) Glycolysis
In the cytoplasm Glucose PGAL pyruvic acid 6-C C C (Pyruvic acid = pyruvate)
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Glycolysis What got this reaction started? 2 ATP molecules gave P to each end of 6-carbon glucose (it splits)
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Glycolysis Glucose (with phosphates) breaks into two PGAL molecules
PGAL reforms into pyruvic acid (pyruvate) 4 ATP 2 NADH form e- carrier
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Glycolysis Summary 2 ATP for glucose to PGAL to pyruvate 4 ATP formed
2 ATP net Also 2 NADH (pick up electrons) How Glycolysis Works (click) Sing Along
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Fermentation IN ANIMALS Pyruvic acid lactic acid IN YEAST
Pyruvic acid ethanol + carbon dioxide
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FERMENTATION WHERE LOCATED? In the cytoplasm ANAEROBIC Without oxygen
HOW MANY ATP? none
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FERMENTATION ONE GREAT SIDE-STEP IS TO REGENERATE NADH back to NAD+
(so it can pick up e- again)
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USES OF FERMENTATION Yogurt Sourdough bread Pickles’ Buttermilk
Sauerkraut Kimchi Cheese
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Lactic Acid Fermentation
Lactic acid builds up faster than the body cells can use it.
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Glyocolysis to Prepping Pyruvate for the Krebs Cycle
2 34 2
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Pyruvic Acid Can’t Enter Mitochondrion
So it needs “Cut and Groomed” 1.Cut off carbon (as CO2) Leaves 2-C acetyl group 2. Add Coenzyme A FORMS Acetyl-CoA
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Mitochondrion: Site of aerobic respiration (uses oxygen)
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Getting Ready to go into the Mitochondrion
Acetyl CoA and Kreb Cycle “Cut” carbon removed “Groomed” By Coenzyme A (2-C)
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All Set for the Krebs Cycle
We’re now in the mitochondrion.
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Two Types of Electron Carriers
Empty FAD picks up e- to form FADH2 e- Empty NAD+ picks up e- to form NADH ATP Synthesis NAD and FAD e-
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What is made at the end of the Krebs cycle (aka Citric Acid Cycle)?
e- carriers Waste gas Or Krebs Cycle High energy CLICK ME: Krebs Cycle
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ETC and Chemiosmosis NADH and FADH2 bring their e- to the
ETC (in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion) NADH and FADH2 animation
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H+ ions pumped through ATP synthase
Enough energy for a P to add to ADP to form ATP
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ATP Synthase Movies ATP Synthase (VCAC)
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OXYGEN IS THE FINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTOR
Oxygen + H+ forms water Oxygen: the final electron acceptor
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Electron Transport Chain
Electron Transport Chain (pretty sweet) Click here krebstca Click Here VCAC: Cellular Processes: Electron Transport Chain: First Look (won’t show on VPU, but can see on own computer screen)
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FINAL PRODUCTS Glycolysis 2 ATP Krebs Cycle ETC and Chemiosmosis
38 ATP from glucose to end of ETC and chemiosmosis 36 ATP from one molecule of glucose
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