1. Chapter 6: Semantics
What I meant to say was…

2. It all depends… Band practice… My house 6 to 8 Band practice… My house
Thanks for the reminder
Band practice…
My house
6 to 8
Thanks for the reminder
Thanks for the warning
Thanks for the reminder

3. Systematicness of Language
Phonology
Syntax
Lexis
Predictable
Perhaps because sounds are meaningless in isolation, phonology is the most systematic aspect of language, followed closely by syntax. These aspects tend to follow set rules the closest and are typically the most predictable parts of language.
The words one chooses, on the other hand, tend not to be predictable. With the exception of some common collocations (for example: “put up or ____ up”), word choice is up to the speaker with unique combinations of words being expressed constantly.
Unpredictable

4. Words & Meanings Rose [os ] … [os ] Polysemy Homophony Entailment
Flower
Love
Color
Positive outlook
Rise +pst
Woke up
[os ] … [os ]
Polysemy
Homophony
Entailment

5. Truth Sentences may be True or False Paraphrase: Entailment
Two sentences: the same truth conditions
Entailment
JFK was assassinated  __________
Contradictions
*(?)The queen is a man

6. Lexical Semantics Property Distinctions Property Inclusions
Blue vs. Green
Cup vs. Mug
Others…?
Property Inclusions
Pine, Oak, Maple, Chestnut, Palmetto…
Cat, Lion, Tiger, Panther…

7. Semantic Features woman student stalk _________ + female + human
- young …
student + -
stalk
+ motion
+ slow
+ purposeful
- pleasant
_________ + -

8. Count vs. Non-count Count Non-Count (Mass) dog flower deer bread
beauty
venison
goose
egg
Not in text…

9. Fuzzy Concepts (Lexical Semantics)
Nose
Hana
(Japanese)
Naz (Russian)
Ice
Rain

10. Principle of Compositionality
The meaning of a sentence comes (mostly) from its constituents and the way they are positioned.

11. Ambiguity
The man saw the fish with binoculars.

12. Tree Structure (Constituent Structure)

13. Thematic Roles (Phrasal Semantics)
Verb-Centered
Agent  one doing the action
Theme (patient)  one receiving the action
Experiencer  one who perceives
Humpty-Dumpty sat on a wall.
Bo Peep pushed Humpty off the wall
Miss Muffet heard Humpty shatter

14. Themes in other lanaguages
Apache
*My horse kicked me
I allowed myself to be kicked by my horse
German
In diesem Hotel sind Hunde verboten
In this hotel are dogs forbidden
* This hotel forbids dogs

15. Meanings & Non- Anomaly Metaphor Idiom My brother is an only child…
Colorless green ideas…
Metaphor
Walls have ears…
My new car is a lemon…
Idiom
Eat crow…
Bite your tongue

16. Pragmatics What’s the message? My wife in the car while we’re driving…
“I’m getting cold…”
Me sitting making these slides…
“Honey, do we have any fruit…?”

17. Miscellany
Deictics
Discourse
New
Old
Topic

18. Maxims of Conversation
Relevance
Be relevant
Quantity
Be as informative as required…
Quality
Truthful, Supportable claims
Manner
Brief, orderly
Not ambiguous nor obscure

19. Exercises
1 – 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14
Enough of each to get the point
5, 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 – 17
Do ‘em all

20. Tomorrow Read Chapter 7 Coming soon to a theater near you:
Historical Linguistics
We will skim the surface…
Coming soon to a theater near you:
Chapter 11: 1st Language Acquisition
Chapter 12: 2nd Language Acquisition
Chapter 15: Sociolinguistics