1. The Executive Branch

2. Today’s Essential Question:

3. Why do you think the presidency is called a Glorious Burden??

4. Who assists the President?
When George Washington was President, people recognized that one person could not carry out the duties of the President without advice and assistance.

5. The President receives help from the:
Vice President
Cabinet Members
Heads of Independent and Executive Agencies.
Unlike the powers of the President, their responsibilities are not defined in the Constitution.

6. The Executive Branch

7. The Presidency. A Glorious Burden.
November Election Night.
December, 2014

8. Not Just President Obama…

9. I need to have all these Qualifications!!!!

13. The Vice President
You have a distinct old man smell, get away from me……
As soon as these cameras are gone so am I….

15. Presidential Succession
Eight U.S. presidents have died while in office. One president resigned. In each case, the vice president took the oath of office and became president as provided by the Constitution.

16. William H. Harrison, Natural Causes
John Tyler, Vice President

17. Zachary Taylor, Natural Causes
Millard Fillmore, Vice President

18. Abraham Lincoln, Assassinated
Andrew Johnson, Vice President

19. James A. Garfield, Assassinated
Chester Author, Vice President

20. William McKinley, Assassinated
Theodore Roosevelt, Vice President

21. Warren Harding, Natural Causes
Calvin Coolidge, Vice President

22. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Natural Causes
Harry Truman, Vice President

23. John F. Kennedy Assassinated
Lyndon Johnson, Vice President

24. Richard M. Nixon, Resigned
Gerald R. Ford, Vice President

25. Twenty-fifth Amendment
adopted in 1967
new president nominates a new vice president
Nomination must then be approved by a majority vote of both houses of Congress.

26. The Order of Presidential Succession
The Vice President
The Speaker of the House
The President pro tempore of the Senate
Members of the president’s cabinet in the order in which their departments were created

27. Line of Succession The Vice President Speaker of the House
President pro tempore of the Senate
Secretary of State
Secretary of the Treasury
Secretary of Defense
Attorney General
Secretary of the Interior
Secretary of Agriculture
Secretary of Commerce
Secretary of Labor
Secretary of Health and Human Services
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
Secretary of Transportation
Secretary of Energy
Secretary of Education
Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Secretary of Homeland Security

28. Powers and Duties of the President

29. 7 Major Roles of the President
1.) Chief Executive
2.) Chief Diplomat
3.) Commander in Chief
4.) Political Party Leader
5.) Legislative Leader
6.) Judicial Leader
7.) Chief of State

30. 7 Major Roles of the President
1.) Chief Executive
Carries out the nation’s laws
Issues Executive Orders (rule or command the President issues that has the force of law; usually during time of crisis)
Appoints cabinet members, ambassadors, judges, heads of govt. agencies

31. 7 Major Roles of the President
2.) Chief Diplomat
Responsible for making treaties with other countries with Senate approval
Meets with foreign leaders
Can make Executive Agreements with leaders of other countries
Has the force of law but does not require Senate approval
Responsible for appointing ambassadors with Senate approval
An official representative of a country’s government

32. 7 Major Roles of the President
3.) Commander in Chief
President is final authority over all military matters
Founding Fathers believed in civilian control over the military; person elected by the people has final say over all military matters

33. The Executive Branch The Presidency
3.) Commander in Chief, cont..
Stretching of this power by former Presidents has led to legislation limiting the President’s power over the military
President Truman sent
troops to fight in Korean
War, but we never declared
War ( )
Presidents Eisenhower,
Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon
sent troops to Vietnam,
but we never declared war ( )

34. 7 Major Roles of the President
3.) Commander in Chief, cont….
1973: War Powers Act passed by Congress
President must notify Congress when troops sent
anywhere
Troops must be brought home after 60 days unless
Congress declares war, or gives approval for troops to stay
This law has never been challenged in the Supreme Court and some question whether or not the law in Constitutional.

35. 7 Major Roles of the President
4.) Political Party Leader
Supports party members in election campaigns and
helps unify the party
Appoints members of party to key govt. jobs
President Bush confers w/ Republican
members of Congress

36. 7 Major Roles of the President
5.) Legislative Leader
Proposes legislation and uses many tactics to get the bill passed
Prepares the federal budget
Approves or vetoes legislation

37. 7 Major Roles of the President
6.) Judicial Leader
Appoints judges to Federal Courts and the U.S. Supreme Court
Appoints Justices whose point of view is similar to their
own
President Obama announces Mrs. Sonia Sotomayor as his nominee to the Supreme Court

38. 7 Major Roles of the President
6.) Judicial Leader, cont…
Can issue pardons, reprieves and amnesty to those
convicted of federal crimes:
Pardon – declaration of forgiveness and freedom
from punishment
Reprieve – an order to delay a person’s punishment
until a higher court can rule on the case (usually
death sentence
Commutation – substitutes a less severe punishment
for the one originally imposed by the court
Amnesty – same as a pardon; applies to a group of
people rather than an individual

39. 7 Major Roles of the President
456 total pardons. Over 100
on the day before he left office
President Carter gave amnesty
to all Vietnam draft dodgers who
fled to Canada

40. 7 Major Roles of the President
7.) Chief of State
Role is symbolic – President is representing people from all 50 states
Gives a human face to American govt.
Can be demonstrated in many ways

41. Greeting heroes

42. Throwing first pitches at baseball games

43. Inviting musicians to perform at White House

44. Attending funeral of another country’s leader, or past Presidents of U
Attending funeral of another country’s leader, or past Presidents of U.S.

45. Speeches and ceremonies

46. Checks and Balances

47. Executive Branch checks on the Legislative Branch
Vetoes laws
Calls Congress into special session

48. Executive Branch checks on the Judicial Branch
Appoints federal judges
John Roberts at his nomination for the Supreme Court with President George Bush.

49. Legislative Branch Checks Powers OVER the President
Senate approves treaties and presidential appointments
*The House of Representatives appropriates money
*Congress can override veto Congress can impeach and convict the President and Vice President

50. Judicial Branch Checks Powers over the President
The Supreme Court can rule Executive Acts unconstitutional
Hey What Do You Expect..we only have one document to use here! Just follow it!
Geez

51. Executive Branch Checks Powers over the Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch
Vetoes laws
Convenes (calls) Congress into special session
Nominates Supreme Court Justices and federal judges
Grants pardons and reprieves
Legislative Branch Checks Powers over the President
Judicial Branch Checks Powers over the President
*Senate approves treaties and presidential appointments
*The House of Representatives appropriates money
*Congress can override vetoes
*Congress can impeach and convict the President and Vice President
*Grants pardons and reprieves
*The Supreme Court can rule Executive Acts unconstitutional

52. Executive Departments

53. Executive Departments
Congress has the power to establish, reorganize and to eliminate executive departments

54. Executive Departments
Each department as a specific area of responsibility

55. Executive Departments
Heads of the Executive Departments make up the President’s Cabinet

56. Cabinet
Not mentioned in the Constitution, but every President has had a Cabinet
Advise the President and help implement federal laws
Title of most cabinet members is secretary
Head of the Department of Justice is the Attorney General

57. Department of the Interior Department of Treasury
Department of State
Department of Defense
Department of Justice
Department of the Interior
Department of Treasury
Department of Health and Human Services
Department of Transportation
Department of Education
Department of Labor
Department of Veteran’s Affairs
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Department of Energy
Department of Commerce
Department of Agriculture
Department of Homeland Security

58. Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions

59. Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions
Created by Congress
Help keep the government and the economy running smoothly

60. Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions
Separate from the executive departments because they perform specialized duties
Help to carry out federal laws

61. Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions
Internal Revenue Service
Federal Communications Commission
Securities and Exchange Commission

62. Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions
Establish guidelines that protect health and safety
Oversee the way individuals and companies do business

63. The Federal Bureaucracy
Formed by the departments and agencies in the executive branch
3 million people work in the bureaucracy
Operates under heavy rules and regulations that create “red tape