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Nouns: Plurals & Contractions
Grammar: Lesson Three Nouns: Plurals & Contractions
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Definition A SINGULAR noun names one person, place, thing, or idea.
A PLURAL noun names more than one person, place, thing, or idea.
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Plural nouns Most nouns in English are made into PLURAL NOUNS by adding an s to the singular form. one snake two snakes one car two cars one tree two trees
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Make the following nouns plural:
Plural nouns If the noun ends with an s, ch, sh, x, or z, an es is added to make the noun plural. Make the following nouns plural: box loss dish quiz church house boxes losses quizzes dishes churches houses
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Add s to nouns ending in a vowel and y.
Plural nouns Add s to nouns ending in a vowel and y. key toy monkey keys toys monkeys
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Plural nouns Change y to an i and add es to nouns ending in a consonant and y. sky hobby penny skies hobbies pennies
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What about nouns that end in a vowel?
Plural nouns What about nouns that end in a vowel? Add an s to nouns ending in a vowel and o. radio - radios zoo - zoos Add an s to musical terms ending in o. solo - solos cello - cellos
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Plural nouns Nouns ending in a consonant and o should be learned. If you are not sure, check the dictionary. echo echoes potato potatoes tomato tomatoes zero zeros, zeroes hero heroes
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Plural nouns Some nouns have special PLURAL FORMS.
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Plural nouns Add s to many nouns ending in f, fe, or ff.
roof - roofs cliff - cliffs But, some nouns drop the f or fe and add ves. calf – calves life - lives Some nouns have irregular plural forms! child - children ox - oxen
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Plural nouns Some nouns have identical singular and plural forms
deer - deer scissors - scissors For compound words, the most important word is usually made plural son-in-law/sons-in-law board of health/boards of health Add an ‘s to form the plural of letters or numbers used as a noun A – A’s 100 – 100’s
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Write the plural form of each noun.
Practice Write the plural form of each noun. 1. teacup A: teacups 2. goose A: geese 3. Iroquois A: Iroquois 4. class A: classes 5. auto A: autos
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Practice 6. Department of Justice A: Departments of Justice
7. daughter-in-law A: daughters-in-law 8. leaf A: leaves 9. hobby A: hobbies 10. donkey A: donkeys
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Definition A CONTRACTION is a word made by combining two words and leaving out one or more letters. An apostrophe shows where the letters have been left out.
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The speaker is happy about her presentation.
Contractions The speaker is happy about her presentation. We can join the two words speaker and is to create a contraction. SPEAKER’ S The speaker’s happy about her presentation.
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Testing Your Knowledge
What is a plural noun? more than one person, place, thing, or idea How are most nouns in English made plural? add an s What is a contraction? A word made by combining two words and leaving out one or more letters using an apostrophe
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