1. Fire Service Ladders
Module 1

2. Types of Ladders Aerial ladders
Permanently mounted and operated from fire apparatus
Portable ladders
Carried on fire apparatus
Designed to be removed and used in other locations

3. Aerial Ladders Permanently mounted, power-operated ladders
Working length of at least 50‘
Have at least two sections
Often referred to as “straight-stick” aerials

4. Elevating Platform
Includes passenger-carrying platform attached to tip
Ladder or boom must have at least two sections
Telescoping
Articulating

5. Portable Ladders
Number and lengths of ladders used by a department depend on the maximum height of buildings in the response area.
Generally, portable ladders are limited to a length of 50'.

6. Types of Ladders

8. Straight Ladder Single-section, fixed-length ladder
May also be called wall ladders or single ladders
Commonly 12' to 20' long, but can be up to 30' and longer

9. Roof Ladder Straight ladder with roof hooks
Sometimes called a hook ladder
Provides stable footing
Usually 12' to 18' long

10. Extension Ladder Adjustable length Multiple sections
Usually heavier than a straight ladder of the same length

12. Bangor Ladder Extension ladder with staypoles
Staypoles are planted in the ground on either side for additional stability.

13. Combination Ladder
Convertible from a straight ladder to an A-frame, stepladder
Generally 6' to 10' in the A-frame configuration and 10' and 15' in the extension configuration

14. Folding Ladder Also called an attic ladder Narrow, collapsing ladder
Designed to allow access to attic scuttle holes and confined areas

15. Pompier Ladder Lightweight, single-beam ladder
Used to climb the outside of a building
Today, only used when no other option is available

16. Inspection, Maintenance, and Service Testing
NFPA 1931 establishes requirements for ladder construction.
NFPA 1932 provides general use guidance.
Regular inspection, maintenance, and testing

18. Inspection Ground ladder visually inspected monthly or after each use
Splintering, cracking, deformity, breaks, gouges, fraying, or other conditions indicating failure
Components fit snugly and operate smoothly.
Heat sensor label
If deficiencies are revealed, remove ladder from service and repair it.

19. Maintenance
All fire fighters should be able to perform routine maintenance.
Only qualified personnel should repair ladders.
Basic maintenance tasks:
Clean and lubricate the dogs and slides.
Replace worn halyards.
Clean and lubricate roof hooks.
Maintain finish.
Replace ladder in storage racks.

20. Cleaning
Clean regularly and after each use with warm, soapy water and a soft-bristle brush.
Dry ladder before storing it

21. Rescue Anticipate actions of people you are trying to rescue.
Do not let people jump to the ladder.
Do not let more than one person on each section.
Make verbal contact with victim.
Safeguard victims as they climb down.
Have another fire fighter guide you and the victim.

22. ASSISTING A VICTIM DOWN A LADDER
TS 9–24
ASSISTING A VICTIM DOWN A LADDER
Lower conscious victims to ladder feet first.
Rest unconscious victims on your supporting knee or support at crotch and chest.
Turn unconscious victims to face you.
Cradle heavy victims in front of you, victim’s legs over your shoulder, victim’s arms draped over your arms.
Place two ground ladders side by side for two-firefighter rescue of extremely heavy victims.
Cradle small children across your arms. 57

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