1. By: Olivia Piazza, Jessica Selensky, and Alex Ford Mrs. G-M Period #8 http://www.model7466.net/model-mania-4u.html http://www.cdadc.com/ds/down-syndrome-children-down-syndrome-pictures.html https://rhodribrady.wordpress.com/tag/chromosome/ See the notes below Due: Tuesday February 8 th

2. How Is Down Syndrome Inherited? This disorder is caused by a chromosomal abnormality Occurs when there is one extra chromosome Chromosome 21 http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/disorders/whataregd/down/ See the notes below

3. Is It Possible for Someone to be a Carrier? Yes It is possible for someone to be a carrier They may have a chromosome with the disease, and they just may not show it http://www.ayushveda.com/tipson/downs-syndrome/ See the notes below

4. What is the Frequency of Down Syndrome? It is one of the most common defects Affects many babies in the US It is said that there are more than 400,000 people with Down Syndrome in the US http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lectures/mitosis.htm See the notes below

5. What are the symptoms/effects and prognosis of someone with Down Syndrome? Small head Flat face Short stature Creasing of skin on the back of hands Eyes slant upward at the corners Small ears that may fold over at the top A small mouth, making the tongue appear large A small nose with a flattened nasal bridge A short neck Small hands and feet Low muscle Tone 66-89% of Down patients have some level of hearing loss in at least one ear http://www.healthbama.com/about-the-down-syndrome/ See the notes below

6. Continuation of; What are the symptoms/effects and prognosis of someone with Down Syndrome? These affects may only occur in some people. Children with Down Syndrome have more viruses and infections. People with Down Syndrome are more likely to develop other diseases ½ the babies with Down Syndrome have heart defect The risk of leukemia is 10-15 times higher than in non- Down people R http://www.newbornbabyzone.com/health-safety/downs-syndrome-identifying-it-and-living-with-it/ See the notes below

7. How is Down Syndrome Diagnosed? There are many ways that Down Syndrome is diagnosed. Some of the ways include: Flabby muscle tone Poor coordination Narrow ear canals Low resistance to ear infections Weak vision Misshapen teeth Malformations Hypothyroidism http://aboutmyrecovery.com/2011/01/04/special-and-gifted-children/ See the notes below

8. Continuation of; How is Down Syndrome Diagnosed? Testing BEFORE BIRTH: Screening Nuchal Translucency Testing Triple/Quadruple Screening Integrated Screen Ultrasound Diagnostic Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) Amniocentesis Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling (PUBS) http://www.fetal.com/Genetic%20Sono/01_what%20is%20gen%20us.html See the notes below

9. What is the Treatment for Down Syndrome, If Any? There is not a treatment for the disease itself, but there are treatment for the diseases/problems that may be a result of Down Syndrome. Heart/Gastrointestinal Surgery Bacterial infections Antibiotics Viral/Fungal infections Certain drugs New treatments every day http://www.dukechildrens.org/services/medical_genetics/down_syndrome_clinic See the notes below

10. Continuation of; What is the Treatment for Down Syndrome? Learning/Social Early Intervention Specialized Programs Kids still go to school They learn the same things, just differently, and at a different, slower pace http://www.ehow.com/how_2100050_pick-school-down-syndrome-child.html See the notes below

11. Is There a Cure to Down Syndrome? There is not a cure for Down Syndrome… yet. But there are many people who are working with those who do have Down Syndrome. Therapists Teachers Parents They all nurture the people who do have Down Syndrome. http://www.cdadc.com/ds/ See the notes below

12. Works Consulted Down Syndrome. Birth Defects. National Down Syndrome Society. 2009. 29 January 2011. Down syndrome. Third Revised Edition DISEASES. Bryan Bunch, Jenny Tesar. Danbury, CT. Scholastic Library Publishing, 2006. 28 January 2011. Evans- Martin, Fay. Down Syndrome. Genes and Disease. New York, New York. Infobase Publishing, 2009. 28 January 2011. Knight, Jeffrey A. Down Syndrome. Salem Health Genetics And Inherited Conditions. Pasadena. Salem Press, 2010. 28 January 2011. Windelspecht, Michael. Down Syndrome. Diseases and Disorders. Wendy Horobin. Marry Town, NY. Marchall Cavendish Corporation, 2008. 28 January 2011. Down Syndrome. Kids Health. 2010. 29 January 2011. Down Syndrome. Your Genes, Your Health. 29 January 2011. Heyn, Sietske N. Down Syndrome. MedicineNet. 29 January 2011.