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Introduction to Computing Lecture 1
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Instructor: Nadeem Ahmad Khan TA: Haroon Waseem Haroon Waseem
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Course Goals ► Introduce computers and computing ► Build programming concepts for next level programming courses ► Familiarize students with Visual Basic 6
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Textbooks Computing Fundamentals with Visual Basic (Chapters 1-7)
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Visit the course website for the course outline http://suraj.lums.edu.pk/~cs101w04 There will be one class and one lab weekly Visit the course website for the course outline http://suraj.lums.edu.pk/~cs101w04 There will be one class and one lab weekly
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Course Policy
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Please be on time (better: before time)
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► Unannounced ► Applicable rules and submission deadlines will be indicated with the assignments ► No make-ups Assignments (15%)
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► 10-15 minutes duration ► Will cover reading assignments and material covered in the class material covered in the class ► Unannounced ► No make-ups ► you may miss at most two quizzes without penalty! without penalty! Class Quizzes (15%)
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► Will be on hardcopy quiz or a short graded in-class computer programming assignment ► Unannounced ► No make-ups ► you may miss at most two lab quizzes without penalty! without penalty! Lab Quizzes (15%)
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► Close book ► Will be based on all material covered in the first 10 sessions the first 10 sessions Midterm (25%)
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Final Exam (30%) ► Close book ► Will be based on all material covered in the entire course of 10 weeks
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Office Hours ► Hours reserved by the instructor & TA’s for the students of CS101 for: Answering questions Clarifying concepts Discussing assignments & quizzes
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For more info. and announcements related to the course : Check the course web site and your email often
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What is a Computer and can a Computer think?
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► Device that accepts input, process and stores data, and gives output A Computer: A Computer: ► Device that can execute specific set of instructions in a well- defined manner
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► Computer Hardware ► Electric, electronic, and mechanical devices Computer System Basics ► Computer Software ► Programs and data in electronic form on a storage medium ► Program- Sequence of Instructions
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Computer Hardware
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► Input devices ► Processor & Memory ► Storage devices ► Output devices
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Input Devices ► Mouse ► Keyboard ► Joystick ► Light pen ► Tablet ► Camera ► Microphone
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Output Devices Printer - laser, inkjet, dotmatrix, thermal Plotter - flatbed, drum Speakers Monitor - CRT, LCD, projector
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Modem ?
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(Secondary) Storage ► Punch cards ► Hard disk ► Floppy ► CD ► DVD
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Peripheral Devices?
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Processor/CPU ► Pentium ► 8086 ► Celeron ► SPARC ► Alpha etc etc What are Control Unit and ALU?
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Memory (Primary Storage) ► RAM ► ROM ► EPROM etc. etc. Virtual Memory?
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Bits & Bytes Bit - a binary digit Byte - a binary word consisting of 8 bits kB - 1024 bytes MB - 1024 kB GB - 1024 MB TB - 1024 GB
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Ports ► Parallel ► Serial etc. etc.
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Figure
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The Bus?
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Keyboard Mouse Printer RAM/ROM HD Mem Bus System Bus Monitor CD Processor Floating Point Unit Integer Unit Cache Control Unit
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Licensed and Free Software ► Single user license ► Multiple user license ► Concurrent use license ► Site license ► Public domain software ► Shareware Computer Software
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► System Software: ► Controls the computer ► Performs the basic operating tasks Computer Software: ► Application Software: ► Help user to accomplish a specific task
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Application Software System Software Hardware
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System Software Operating systems ► Works as coordinator between hardware and user software Example: Opening a word document, screen display, print, and save. ► Works as coordinator between hardware and user software Example: Opening a word document, screen display, print, and save. ► Allocates system resources (CPU, peripherals) Examples: use of key board, mouse, playing music, displaying on monitor
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System Software Contd. Utility Software Software that augment the system software Example: preparing disks to store data
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System Software Contd. Device Drivers Device Drivers The system software that helps computer control a peripheral device. Usually supplied by the vendor of the computer device The system software that helps computer control a peripheral device. Usually supplied by the vendor of the computer device Example: DD for mouse, DD for Laser printer
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System Software Contd. Programming Languages Tools to create the Application Software
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Application Software ► Productivity software Software which enhance the productivity
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Application Software Contd. ► Business software ► Help org. to efficiently do routine tasks Horizontal Market business software Vertical Market business software
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Application Software Contd. ► Entertainment software ► Educational software
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Computer Networks: A collection of computers and other devices that communicate with each other to share data, hardware and software
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Computer Networks (contd.) ► Local Area Networks (LAN): Network that is located within a relatively limited area (a building or campus) ► Wide Area Networks (WAN): Network that covers a large geographical area
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A Computer Network Local workstation Workstation Network Server Network Printer
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Internet Is a collection of local, regional, and national computer networks that are linked together to exchange data and distribute computing tasks Is a collection of local, regional, and national computer networks that are linked together to exchange data and distribute computing tasks World Wide Web (WWW) and Electronic Mails (E-mail) are among the Internet Services World Wide Web (WWW) and Electronic Mails (E-mail) are among the Internet Services
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History of Computing
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Charles Babbage (1791-1871) ► Designer of the Analytical Engine - the very first computer (1833)
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John Von Neumann ► Developed the stored program concept
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Chapter 1 The Number Systems
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Binary Number System What is the Base of the Decimal Number System?
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Binary Number System The Base of the Binary System is 2
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Binary Number System How to know the (decimal system) value of a binary number?
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