1. Improving Security

2. Networking Terms Node –Any device on a network Protocol –Communication standards Host –A node on a network Workstation 1.A PC 2.A very powerful PC

3. IP address One IP address for one computer e.g. 202.40.197.69

4. People Hacker Cracker

5. Tricks Social Engineering –Phishing –E-mail Trash

6. Making Router safer Traditional Wireless

7. Turn on Encryption WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) –Used in many routers –Weakness in the implementation (25GB of data to crack) –Still worthwhile to deploy WPA (Wireless Protected Access) –Safer than WEP

8. SSID Service Set Identifier Needed for communication default name for each manufacturer Measures –Change the default name –Stop broadcasting

9. Admin Account Default name and password Measures: –Change account name and password

10. DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Assign IP address to each PC Measures: –Disable DHCP –Assign IP addresses manually –Enable IP filtering (if available)

11. MAC (Media Access Control) Unique MAC address for each LAN card Measures: –Accept computers with approved MAC addresses only

12. Other measures (for advanced users) Setting minimum connection speed Adjust power of radio signal

13. Wardriving Driving around to detect access points Facilities needed: –Notebook PC with wireless LAN card –A high gain antenna (optional) –Wardriving software

14. Encryption Cipher –Encrypt data Plaintext Ciphertext Encryption key

15. Public key cryptography Asymmetric key cryptography Consists of –One public key –One private key

16. Hybrid system One key system Public key system

17. Digital signatures A message has not been modified

18. Digital certificate Prove the identity of a sender Issued by certificate authority (CA)

19. Method to identify Challenge response