1. TEACHERS’ ADOPTION OF LAPTOPS IN THE STAGES OF INNOVATION DECISION PROCESS Emel DİKBAŞ TORUN Yasemin KOÇAK USLUEL Hale ILGAZ Hacettepe University, Faculty of Education Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technology TURKIYE ED-MEDIA, 2008

2. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Theoretical Framework: Diffusion of Innovation Diffusion of innovation is defined as the process in which an “innovation” is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system (Rogers 2003, p.5).

3. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz The time dimension is involved in diffusion at three points; (1) the innovation decision process, (2) the innovativeness of an individual or other unit of adoption and (3) an innovation’s rate of adoption in a system. Theoretical Framework: Dimension of Time

4. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Innovation decision process consists of five stages; –Knowledge; individual or the decision making unit being aware of innovation, –Persuasion; developing an attitude, –Decision; making a decision for adoption or rejection of the innovation, –Implementation; using innovation, –Confirmation; continuing or discontinuing the implementation. Theoretical Framework: Innovation Decision Process

5. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Theoretical Framework: Model of Five Stages in the Innovation Decision Process (Rogers, 2003)

6. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Figures by Education Level in the Scholastıc Year Between 2006-2007 Education level Number of schools Number of students Number of teachers TotalBoysGirls Pre primary schools18.539 550.146 286.349 2263.797 20.910 Primary schools34.99010.673.9355.615.5915.058.34420.910 Secondary schools7.4353.258.2541.855.7411.402.513389.859 General3.4062.075.6171.123.459952.158185.317 Vocational4.0291.182.637732.282450.355102.581 Total of formal education 60.96414.482.3357.757.6816.724.65482.736 Non formal education9.6303.886.6382.216.0811.670.557596.086 General Total70.59418.3689739.973.7628.395.21169.530

7. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Schools with ADSL Internet Connection (13.02.2008) Education levelNumber of schools Pre primary schools764 Primary schools19777 Secondary schools5540 Others3423 Total29504

8. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Students’ Rates of Internet Connection with ADSL Education LevelRates Primary Schools%92 Secondary Schools%99

9. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Information Technology Classes Number of the information technology classes are 25.455 by 2007. Ministry of National Education provided ADSL internet connection to 27.300 schools and 2.000 institutions by 2007.

10. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Problem In this study laptops are taken as the innovation and teachers’ adoption of this innovation is examined through innovation decision processes.

11. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Thoughts of the teachers about laptops, ICT use purposes of teachers having a desktop/laptop, Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career. Problem

12. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Methodology Study Group Gender Female9 Male15 Age 31-4010 41-5110 51 +4 Experience10 +24

13. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Methodology Data –A semi-structured interview form –Content analysis

14. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Findings Teachers’ thoughts about laptops, –Portability –Necessity –Usability –Practicability –Prestige

15. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Findings ICT use purposes of the teachers having a desktop/laptop, –Making visual presentations during lessons, –Preparing questions, –Gathering materials, –Giving points/grades

16. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Teachers are like-minded about the matter that making lessons became easier with the increase of visualization.

17. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation In the preparation of yearly and daily course plans Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

18. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Preparation of course materials Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

19. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Using the CD and disks distributed and obligated by the school administration Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

20. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Making presentations during the lessons Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

21. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Preparation of exam questions Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

22. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Entering points Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

23. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Calculation of employment point, counting of vacation and given periods, process of monitoring personal information (ILSIS) Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

24. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Monitoring various sites containing the renewed legislation, regulation, employee personal rights and programme information Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

25. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Communicating with the colleagues about the lessons Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

26. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Communicating with the parents Knowledge Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation Findings: Teachers’ stages of innovation decision process in the tasks related with their career.

27. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Results Nearly all of the teachers in the workgroup have positive opinions for using desktop/laptop in their professional tasks. Teachers intend to use laptops in their professional tasks.

28. Hacettepe University / TURKEY Dikbaş, Usluel, Ilgaz Results Institutional preventions can be solved individually –Some teachers get their own projector to overcome the lack of infrastructure, The tasks in which the use of ICT is compulsory, increase the ICT adoption process of the teachers.

29. Thanks… edikbas@hacettepe.edu.tr kocak@hacettepe.edu.tr hilgaz@hacettepe.edu.tr ED-MEDIA, 2008