1. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Public Speaking: An Audience-Centered Approach – 7 th edition Chapter 6 Developing Your Speech This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: · any public performances or display, including transmission of any image over a network; · preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; · any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Steven A. Beebe & Susan J. Beebe

2. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 “In all matters, before beginning, a diligent preparation should be made” - Cicero

3. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Steps in Preparing a Speech 1.Select and narrow topic 2.Determine purpose 3.Develop central idea 4. Generate main ideas

4. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Select and Narrow Your Topic Guidelines Should be relevant to listeners’ interests and expectations. Should consider knowledge levels of listeners. Should be important. Should be appropriate to audience and occasion. Should interest you.

5. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Select and Narrow Your Topic Strategies for selecting a topic Brainstorming: creative problem-solving technique used to generate many ideas. Listening and reading for topic ideas. Scanning web directories.

6. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Select and Narrow Your Topic Narrowing the topic Topic should fit time constraints: “Music”Too broad “Folk Music”Less broad “Irish folk music”More specific “The popularity of Irish folk music in the U.S.” Appropriately narrowed for the time constraints

7. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Determine Your Purpose Guidelines Ask:“What is really important for audience to hear?” Ask: “How do I want audience to respond?”

8. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Determine Your Purpose General Purpose Speaking to Inform:  educates people. Speaking to Persuade:  changes or reinforces audience’s convictions;  urges action. Speaking to Entertain:  promotes relaxation and enjoyment.

9. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Determine Your Purpose Specific Purpose What you want audience to do at end of speech. “At the end of my speech, the audience will be able to…” Focuses on observed and measured behavior. Focuses on one idea. Considers audience needs and knowledge. Guides your choice of supporting material.

10. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Develop Your Central Idea Guidelines Complete declarative sentence (not a phrase or question). Direct and specific (not qualified or vague). Single idea. Reflects how topic affects audience (audience-centered).

11. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Generate and Preview Your Main Ideas Generating Main Ideas How ideas support central idea (logical divisions). Types of examples. Causes and effects. Reasons why central idea is true. Can be sequential steps showing a progression.

12. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009 Generate and Preview Your Main Ideas Previewing Main Ideas Make sure ideas previewed match how you plan to discuss them. Main ideas will make up blueprint of speech.