1. 1 Ecological Driving for Sustainable Transportation Systems Presented by ー M. A. S. Kamal Researcher, Fukuoka Industry Science and Technology Foundation Kyushu University http://terra.ees.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~kamal/

2. Outline of the presentation   Background   Existing Systems   Introduction to my Research   Vehicle Fuel Consumption Characteristics   Strategies for Eco Driving   Conclusions

3. 3 Emission from Transportation The transport sector: Accounts for about 25 per cent of total commercial energy consumed worldwide Consumes approximately one-half of total oil produced Transportation PS Industry

4. 4 Emission from Road Transport

5. 5 Fuel Efficient Vehicles Progress for efficient Vehicles have been continuing

6. 6 Realization of Eco-Driving Major Factors influencing consumptions  Traffic Management Systems,  Vehicle maintenance,  Route Selections,  Driving Style. Eco-driving means smarter and more fuel-efficient maneuvering of a vehicle. According to Recent Studies: Eco-Driving may save fuel by 10-25%.

7. Ecological Driving   Eco-driving means smarter and more fuel-efficient maneuvering of a vehicle.   Eco-driving represents a new driving culture that makes best use of advanced vehicle technologies, while improving road safety.

8.  Improve road safety  Improve road safety  Enhance driving skills  Reduce greenhouse gas emissions (CO2)  Reduce greenhouse gas emissions (CO2)  Noise reduction  Save fuel / money (5-15% in the long-term)  Save fuel / money (5-15% in the long-term)  Lower vehicle maintenance costs  Reduce costs of accidents  More responsible driving  Less stress while driving  Higher comfort for drivers and passengers 8 Benefit of Ecological Driving

9. 9 Eco-Driving Assistance Driving Tips

10. 10 Eco-Driving Assistance On-board Assistance for Driver ECO ECO indicator ECO

11. 11 On-board Performance Indicator Driving Efficiency

12. 12 Existing Assistance System CARWINGS  Driving data of the CARWINGS Member are sent to Data Center  Data are analyzed by the expert and feedback to the Drivers  Average improvement of the Members 18%

13. 13 Support on Sloppy Road

14. 14 Existing Assistance System ECO Pedal

15. 15 Limitation of Existing Assistance  They only focus on fuel consumption characteristics of the Engine  They do not analyze current road traffic situation  They do not anticipate future traffic conditions  They are not suitable for changing situations Therefore, A more Comprehensive Eco- Driving System is necessary for Optimum Achievement

16. 16 Eco-Driver Assistance System Eco-Driver Assistance System Development of EDAS, My Present research topic  Fuel Consumption Characteristics of the Engine  Road gradients, alignment and Lanes  Situation of current traffic  Anticipation of Future Situation  Traffic Signal ahead  Safety

17. 17 Efficiency of a Engine 29.1% 28.5% 27% 25.5% 24% Best efficiency points Efficiency Engine power

18. 18 Fuel Consumption Rate Based on Specification of NISSAN March

19. Steady speed ml/km 19 Based on Specification of NISSAN March

20. Fuel Consumption at Braking At high speed, when the accelerator is released OR The brake is pressed---   Fuel consumption is stopped completely   Vehicle and its engine runs by its kinetic energy (KE).   The brakes convert KE into heat energy by applying friction.   If the KE is not sufficient, at low speed, Fuel is automatically supplied to the Engine

21. Eco-Strategies   Accelerate smoothly to the rated speed.   Avoid aggressive acceleration.   Drive at steady speed.   Avoid braking as much as possible!   Stop by releasing the accelerator only!   Keep sufficient space in front.

22. Eco-Strategies Idling at the Red Signal   Move the gear at N, and stop the engine, if you expect 40s+ existence of Red Approaching a Red signal   Anticipate the change in signal and take the decision to stop early.   Slowly stop by releasing the accelerator.   Avoid aggressive braking.

23. At Red Signal dJdJ

24. dJdJ

25. 25 Eco- Driving on Up-Down Slopes

26. 26 Road shape and Slope

27. 27 Example on Up Down Slopes Eco-Driving is compared with (a) FSD (Fixed Speed Drive) (b) ASCD (Automatic Speed Control Drive)

28. 28 Total Consumption Fuel savings only on up-hill Fuel savings by Eco- Driving : (a)FSD 9.32% (b)ASCD 10.55%

29. Other Strategies   At Jam: “Slow & Go” is better than “Stop & Go”   Plan you journey and route in advance   Keep tyres pumped   Change the lubricant on time.   Remove any extra load on the car   Park the car at the first available place in the Parking lot.   At low speed open the window instead of Aircon.

30. 30 Conclusions  An introduction to Eco-Driving has been presented.  Practicing Eco-Driving you may save 10- 20% fuel in long term.  That surely contributes in reducing impacts on our environment. More about my research, visit:  http://terra.ees.kyushu-u.ac.jp/~kamal/ © MAS Kamal, Fukuoka IST