1. What is a patient care tech?
How can I train my students to be one?

2. Contact Info
Please feel free to contact me with questions/comments/suggestions!
Lynne Clarke, RN, Ed.D.
Health Science Department Chair
A.R. Johnson Health Science and Engineering Magnet School
Augusta, GA
Wlclarke.weebly.com

3. PCT Skills – common to CNA
Bedmaking Bathing Transfers Catheter Care ADL’s Oxygen Feeding tube care I & O ROM Skin care CPR TED hose Vital signs PPE Consent Infection Control Plan of Care HIPAA Post mortem care Report abnormal findings Emotional support Assess pain/edema Admission/Discharge/Transfer Assist with prosthetic/orthotic devices Beginning and ending procedures

4. PCT Skills
12 Lead EKG Basic Arrhythmia recognition Holter monitor Emergency response Stress testing Monitor patient during blood transfusion Phlebotomy Point of care testing Specimen collection Remove peripheral IV’s Aseptic/Sterile dressing change Splints Ostomy Care Oxygen administration Handheld nebulizer Assist patient to take prescribed meds

5. EKG Skills – Dysrhythmia Recognition
Teach basic cardiac anatomy
Teach basics – waves, complexes, intervals, etc.
Teach EKG paper measurements
Teach steps to interpret
Tell the story
Correlate the story to the heart’s conduction system
Use technology resources to show relationship between mechanical and electrical activity
Go over each type of dysrhythmia – correlation to the story. Give out hallmark chart
Use sample 6 – second strips to have teams work to identify.

6. Basic Cardiac anatomy Resources Anatomy and Physiology Coloring Books
nhlbi.nih.gov
Anatomy OpenHeart info app for iPad
Dissect pig hearts

7. waves, complexes, intervals, etc.

8. EKG paper

9. waves, complexes, intervals, etc.

10. Rate calculation methods
Method 1 – R to R Method Can only be used for regular rhythms.

11. steps to interpret Rate: fast or slow
Rhythm: regular or irregular or regularly irregular
P-wave: regular, upright, round
QRS Complex: less than 0.12 sec., constant
PR interval: within 0.12 – 0.20 sec., constant

12. Escape vs. “take-over”
Escape – when the “level” above fails to generate an impulse
“Take- over”- when the level below generates an impulse before the top level has a chance

13. The Story – School System
Education System
Board of Education
Building Principal
Teachers
Students

14. The Story correlation Education System Intrinsic rate
Cardiac Conduction System
Board of Education
60-100
Sinoatrial node (SA node)
Building Principal
40-60
Atrioventricular node (Av node)
Teachers
20-40
Bundle of His
Students
Perkinje fibers

15. Correlation Examples 1st Degree Heart Block
Building Principals take a long time to pass on
information to the teachers and students
3rd Degree Heart Block
Building Principals refuse to pass on any information to
the teachers and students
PVC’s
One or two students are “acting a fool”
Ventricular Fibrillation
All of the students are “acting a fool” (police might use taser)

16. Electrical and mechanical correlation
Resources
HeartCharts App for iPad
You Tube: Cardiac dysrhythmia heartbeat dances

17. Types of dysrhythmias – correlate to the story
Give out hallmark chart
Encourage students to add their own notes to the chart

18. ID the strip Game Form teams Give out copies of six-second strips
Allow students to use hallmark charts to attempt to identify strip
Keep score and give “prizes”
Encourage students to keep strips to use as study examples
High tech – put every strip into Power Point and use notability
Low tech – use large post-it note paper on white board

19. Example

20. Example

21. EKG Skills
Must know lead placement, patient preparation, patient education for the following:
12 Lead
Telemetry Monitoring
Stress testing
Holter monitoring

22. Emergency Actions Recognize lethal dysrhythmias Call 911, CPR, AED
Asystole, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation
Call 911, CPR, AED
Mock code resource –
Mind-forge Education Service – Electrocardiogram Module
You can use this software to make an inexpensive rhythm generator on your laptop
Available from for about $20.00

23. Other resources Lifeinthefastlane.com Vhlab.umn.edu
Great EKG resources
Vhlab.umn.edu
Wlclarke.weebly.com
Live Binder
Access Code ARJHSPCT

24. Phlebotomy Preanalytical errors Venipuncture sites Order of the Draw
Tube additives

25. Pre-analytical Errors
70% of ALL medical care is based on clinical laboratory tests!
Pre-analytical tests occur BEFORE the specimen ever reaches the lab
Errors can result in patient treatment mistakes!

26. Venipuncture sites

27. Order of Draw

28. Tube additives

29. Phlebotomy Equipment
Hint: Remove syringes. Cap off one of the tubes. Connect a Normal Saline 250cc or 500cc with IV tubing to the other tube – tint with the “blood” that comes with trainer. Students will get a flashback.

30. Phlebotomy practice
Obtain a laboratory requisition form from your local lab. You can make multiple copies or laminate several for reuse.
Make ID bracelets using generic male and female names and birthdays.
Have student acting as “patient” strap on Venatech trainer and ID bracelet. Complete a requisition and give it to the student “phlebotomist”.
This creates a more realistic practice situation than using one of the large, expensive practice arms.

31. Cardio Chek

32. Resources www.wlclarke.weebly.com
Center for Phlebotomy Education, Inc.
$699 for 3 videos
Basic Venipuncture
Preventing Pre-Analytical Errors
Skin Puncture And Newborn Screening