1. 兒科醫學術語
義大醫院兒科
蘇有村

2. 兒科醫學術語 義大醫院兒童內科 蘇有村

3. 內容 兒童生長與發育常見醫學術語 新生兒身體評估常見醫學術語 高危險新生兒診斷症狀及徵候常見醫學術語
兒童常見疾病之診斷症狀及徵候常見醫學術語
小兒科常見設備撿檢查與治療常見醫學術語

4. 兒童生長與發育 Growth成長: physiological increase in size
Development發育: physiological, psycosocial, and cognitive changes
Term infant足月兒: weeks of gestation
Preterm infant早產兒: before 38 weeks
Posterm infant過期妊娠兒: after 42 weeks
New born/neonate新生嬰兒: first 28 days of life
Infant嬰兒期: the first year
Toddler幼兒期: eight months to 3-4 years
Preschooler學齡前期: 3-4 years to 5-6 years
School age: 6 to 12 years
Adolescence: before years

5. 新生兒身體評估---1
Apgar score for the newborn 新生兒阿帕嘉評分: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex response, skin color
Anthropometric measurement 身體的測量: Body weight, Body length/body height, Head circumference頭圍, Chest circumference胸圍
Alterations in head shape for the newborn 新生兒頭部形狀的改變: caput succedaneum胎頭水腫(產瘤), cephalohematoma頭血腫, molding 胎頭變形
Alterations of female genitalia 女嬰生殖器的改變: pseudomenstruation 假性月經

6. 新生兒身體評估---2 alteration of anus肛門的改變: meconium胎便
Skin features of the newborn: birthmark胎記, telangiectatic Nevi, Lanugo, milia, mongolian spots蒙古斑, vernix caseosa
Neonatal reflex: blinking or coreal light reflex, doll’s eyes reflex, pupillary reflex, sneeze reflex, cough reflex, yawn reflex, gag reflex, rooting reflex, sucking reflex, swallowing reflex, babinski reflex, palmar grasp reflex, plantar grasp reflex, crawl reflex, stepping or dancing reflex, moro reflex, tonic neck reflex, trunk incurvation reflex, placing reflex

7. 高危險新生兒診斷症狀及徵候--1 Apnea of prematurity 早產兒呼吸暫停 Asphyxia 窒息
Drug-exposed infant 產前藥物成癮母親的嬰兒
High risk newborn 高危險新生兒
Hyperbilirubinemia 高膽紅素血症, pathologic jaundice 病理性黃疸
Infant of diabetic mother 糖尿病母親的嬰兒
Kernicterus / bilirubin encephalopathy 核黃疸/膽紅素腦病變
Low-birth weight infant 低體重兒
Meconium aspiration syndrome 胎便吸入症候群

8. 高危險新生兒診斷症狀及徵候--2 Necrotizing enterocolitis 壞死性小腸結腸炎
Neonatal seizure 新生兒抽搐
Periventricular / intraventricular hemorrhage 腦室周圍-腦室內出血
postmaturity syndrome 過度成熟症候群
Prematurity/preterm birth 早產
Respiratory distress syndrome 呼吸窘迫症候群
Retinopathy of prematurity 早產兒視網膜病變
Sepsis neonatorum/ neonatal septicemia 新生兒敗血症
Very low birth weight infant 體重非常低的嬰兒

9. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候—Infection--1
Measles/Rubeola 痲疹
Rubella/ german measles/ 3-Day measles 德國痲疹
Mumps 腮腺炎
Varicella/chicken pox 水痘
Shingles/herpes zoster 帶狀皰疹病毒
Cytomegalovirus 巨細胞病毒
Herpes simplex virus 單純皰疹病毒
Epstein-barr virus/ infectious mononucleosis/ kissing disease EB病毒/感染性單核白血球增多症
Rabies 狂犬病
Poliomyelitis 脊髓灰質炎/小兒麻痺症
Japanese encephalitis JEV 日本腦炎
Hand- foot-mouth disease 手口足病

10. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候—Infection--2
Diphtheria 白喉
Pertussis/whooping cough 百日咳
Tetanus 破傷風
Scarlet fever/scarlatina 猩紅熱
Relapsing fever
Lyme disease
Tapeworm 條蟲
Fluke 血吸蟲
Roundworm/ascaris lumbricoids 蛔蟲
Pinworm/enterobius vermicularis 蟯蟲
Hookworm/nacator americanus 鉤蟲

11. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候—Infection--3
Thrush/oral candidiasis 鵝口瘡/口腔念株菌症
Gonorrhea
Syphilis 梅毒
Chlamydial infection
Trichomoniasis
Human papillomavirus
Herpes simplex virus 單純皰疹病毒
Bacterial vaginosis
Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) 人類免疫缺乏病毒

12. 過敏病恐怖嗎？

13. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候--respiratory system
Allergic rhinitis 過敏性鼻炎
Sinusitis 竇炎
Otitis media 中耳炎　
Pharyngitis
Tonsillitis
Croup 哮吼
Acute epiglottitis 急性會厭炎

14. Poor school performance
過敏性鼻炎
Allergic solute
Allergic shiners
Mouth breathing
(malocclusion)
包水餃
grimace
Poor school performance
Skoner D, Urbach A, Fireman P. In: Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. 3rd ed. 1997

15. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀,徵候--respiratory system
Bronchitis
Bronchiolitis 細支氣管炎
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 肺支氣管發育不良
Asthma 氣喘
Pneumonia 肺炎
Influenza 流行性感冒
Cystic fibrosis
Tuberculosis
Foreign body aspiration

16. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候 —gastroinestinal system
Cleft lip 兔唇
Cleft palate 顎裂
Congenital megacolon 先天性巨結腸症
Imperforate anus/ anal atresia 無肛症
Tracheo-esophageal fistula 食道氣管廔管
esophageal atresia　

17. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候 - cardiovascular system
Congenital heart disease 先天性心臟疾病
Atrial septal defect 心房中隔缺損
Ventricular septal defect 心室中隔缺損
Patent ductus arteriosus 開放性動脈導管
Transposition of the great vessels 大動脈轉位
Tetralogy of fallot 法洛氏四重症
Aortic stenosis
Pulmonary stenosis

18. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候--hemotologic system
Iron deficiency anemia 缺鐵性貧血
Sickle cell disease 鐮刀性貧血
Aplastic anemia
Thalassemia 地中海型貧血
Hemophilia
Leukemia

19. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候--genitourinary system
Urinary tract infection
Nephrotic syndrome 腎病症候群
Epididymitis 副睪炎
Orchitis 睪丸炎
Acute glomerulonepritis
Hypospadia 尿道下裂
Hydrocele 陰囊水腫
Crytorchidism 隱睪症
Inguinal hernia

20. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀,徵候 -- musculoskeletal system
Developmental dysplasia of the hip 髖關節發育障礙
Pectus carinatum 雞胸
Pectus excavatum 漏斗胸
Kyphosis
Hperlordosis
Scoliosis
Polydactylia 多指(趾)
Syndactyly 併指(趾)
Genu valgum
Genu varum
Clubfoot
Muscular dystrophy 肌肉萎縮症

21. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候-- endocrine system
Diabetes mellitus
Phenylketonuria 苯酮尿症
Congenital hypothyroidism 先天性甲狀腺功能低下症

22. 兒童疾病之診斷症狀及徵候-- neurologic system
Cerebral palsy 腦性麻痺
Hydrocephalus 水腦
Reye’s sydrome
Kawasaki disease 川崎氏症
Down syndrome 唐氏症
Meningitis
Epilepsy
Febrile convulsion 熱性痙攣
Brain tumor

23. 小兒科設備撿檢查與治療--- 1 Chest physical therapy Oxygen therapy Oxygen tent 氧氣帳
Oxygen hood 氧氣罩
Oxygen mask 氧氣面罩
Steam inhalation 蒸氣吸入
Nebulizer
Total parenteral nutrition 完全腸胃外營養療法
Lumbar puncture

24. 小兒科設備檢查與治療 --- 2 Incubator 保溫箱 Phototherapy 照光療法
Blood exchange transfusion 換血
Vaccination 預防注射
Arterial blood gas analysis
Blood culture
Urine culture
Naso-gastric tube feeding
Oro-gastric tube feeding

25. rooting reflex

26. ASD

27. baby-1

28. BET

29. caput

30. cleft lip

31. cleft palate

32. croup-1

33. croup-2

34. Down

35. EBV

36. epiglotttis

37. funnal chest

38. herpangina

39. HFM-1

40. HFM-2

41. HFM-3

42. hydrocela-1

43. hydrocele-2

44. hyperbilirubinemia

45. hypospadia

46. IDA

47. incubator

48. Ma-Baby

49. megacolon

50. mumps

51. necro-1

52. necro-2

53. necro-3

54. necro-4

55. O2 mask

56. O2 tent

57. palmar

58. phototherapy-1

59. phototherapy-2

60. piagen chest

61. polydactyly

62. pv hemorrhage

63. RDS

64. ROP

65. rubella

66. scarlet-2

67. scalet-3

68. scarlet-1

69. scoliosis

70. sickle

71. syndactyly

72. TE Fistula

73. thrush

74. varicella

75. cephalhematoma