1. Ozone and Aerosols in US and East Asia between 2001 and 2002 Yun-Fat Lam 1, Joshua S. Fu 1, Zuopan Li 1, Carey Jang 2, Rokjin Park 3 and Daniel J. Jacob 3 1. The University of Tennessee, Knoxville 2. USEPA/Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards 3. Harvard University

2. Coupling GEOS-Chem & CMAQ GEOS-Chem – Global scale model – 20 to 55 vertical layers – 2 x 2.5 degree resolution (Max. 1 x 1) CMAQ – Regional scale model – 14 to 16 vertical layers – 18’ x 18’ resolution (36 km domain resolution) GEOS-Chem simulations (2001 and 2002) are conducted by Rokjin Park at Harvard U.  The output results are used for the input data for CMAQ model

3. Examples of GEOS-Chem Simulation Results Ox NOx

4. Gridded Emissions Or SMOKE Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor Boundary Condition Processor (BCON) Initial Condition Processor (ICON) Photolysis Rate Processor (JPROC) CMAQ Chemical Transport Model (CCTM) Boundary Condition Processor (BCON) Initial Condition Processor (ICON) The CMAQ Chemical Transport Model (CCTM) Interface processor GEOS-Chem Output Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor GISS GCM Model

5. Interface processor Handle geo-spacial differences between two models. (e.g. projection system) Convert chemical species (may or may not compactable) Interpolate species concentration based on the vertical layer profiles ( 55 Vs. 14 layers)

6. Species Map for Ozone & PM2.5 * EPA/ORD added these species in the table from the list of species in the GEOS-CHEM chemical mechanism Blue color highlighted tracers are GEOS-Chem new tracers 2002 data 2001 data

7. Species Calculation- CMAQ Calculation of PM 2.5 PM25 = ASO4I+ASO4J+ANO3I+ANO3J+ANH4I+ ANH4J+AORGAI+AORGAJ+(1.167*AORGPAI)+(1.167 *AORGPAJ)+AORGBI+AORGBJ+AECI+AECJ+A25I+ A25J Calculation of O 3 O 3 = O x - NO x

8. Summary of vertical profiles

9. Output from the GEOS-Chem/CMAQ Interface Processor ICON and BCON data was generated using the interface processor for both 2001 & 2002 GEOS-Chem output data Additional 2001 and 2002 gridded data (Gd-data) was generated for QA ICON BCON 2001 Gd-data Interface Processor 2002 Gd-data

10. O 3 & PM 2.5 Comparison (Summer)

11. Gd-data for 2001 and 2002 * These values was determined using the species table

12. Vertical profile Vs. Average O 3 (2002 BCON) NORTH WEST EAST SOUTH

13. Vertical profile Vs. Average O 3 (BCON) Month of June

14. IC/BC for US Domain from GEOS-Chem Results GEOS-CHEM IC GEOS-CHEM BC

15. IC for CN Domain from GEOS-Chem and Profile GEOS-CHEM IC Profile IC

16. Simulations Simulations with different IC/BC – Simulation 1: with Profile IC/BC(Regular CMAQ run) – Simulation 2: with GEOS-Chem IC/BC Domain: cn36 Episode: July 01-31, 2001 (spin-out: 5 days)

17. Monthly Maximum (O 3 ) GEOS-CHEM IC/BC Profile IC/BC Difference GEOS-Chem IC/BC generate higher O3 concentrations around Beijing Areas

18. Monthly Average (PM 2.5 ) GEOS-Chem IC/BC run does get a little bit higher PM2.5 values than the profile run around the Beijing area ( 1 – 2 ug/m 3 ) GEOS-Chem IC/BC Profile IC/BC Difference

19. Summary The ozone concentration, as well as the concentration profile with respected to elevation is similar between 2001 and 2002. More tracers are used in 2002. This may contributed to the increased trends of PM2.5 from 2001 to 2002. The GEOS-Chem/CMAQ Interface can provide CCTM IC/BC inputs from GEOS-Chem simulation results, and CCTM runs smoothly with the GEOS-Chem IC/BC inputs The output demonstrated apparently different monthly maximum O3 results between the simulation using profile IC/BC and the simulation using GEOS-Chem IC/BC. Results also shows a slight increasing trend of PM2.5 values.

20. Acknowledgement USEPA ’ s STAR and ICAP financial support NCAR's supports of computing resources through projects #35991003 and #35991004 Collaborators in EPA/OAQPS and EPA/ORD

21. The End