1. Foreign Animal Disease Angie Dement Extension Associate for Veterinary Medicine Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M System College Station, TX 77843 http://aevm.tamu.edu

3. What are Foreign Animal Diseases? Disease that is not currently present in the United States Can be zoonotic

4. How can a FAD come into U.S.? Natural Accidental Intentional (bioterrorist act)

5. Prevention Methods USDA/APHIS Inspection at entries Quarantine animals and animal products Health papers

6. Importance of Control FEAD’s are pathogenic & contagious Easily transmissible High exposure Susceptible animals Devastating losses Animal economic

7. Reportable Diseases What are they? Diseases not known to be in the US Can be diseases that are here but subject to eradication and control Emerging Animal Diseases

8. Foreign Animal Diseases Foot and Mouth Disease Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Rift Valley Fever Exotic Newcastle Disease Avian Influenza And many, many more

9. Foot and Mouth Disease

10. Highly contagious Potential to spread rapidly People not affected Devastating Emotionally Economically Sociologically

11. Susceptible domestic and wild cloven-hoofed livestock Cattle Sheep Goats Domestic and feral swine Deer Llamas

12. Transmission Aerosol wind Mechanical people, vehicles, animals Biological movement of infected animals uncooked or undercooked meat products

13. If an outbreak occurs Restrictions Quarantines Eradication Slaughter of animals Proper disposal

14. FMD Outbreak in 2001 in Great Britian Delayed response 10,472 farms depopulated 4 million destroyed to stop disease 2.5 million “humanely” slaughtered Over $13 billion

15. Increased risk Travelers Meat products Garbage Bioterrorist TAHC prohibits feeding meat garbage to swine

16. BSE Decrease risk No ruminants or products from Europe USDA regulations No ruminant protein as feed Downer cattle

17. First Line of Defense Biosecurity Livestock owners Early detection and reporting

18. Biosecurity Measures Wash hands Wash disinfect boots Wash disinfect trailer Wash disinfect tires Wash disinfect borrowed equipment Proper garbage disposal

19. Lock gates Stranger alert International visitor – >48 hours wait Purchased cattle – >2 weeks isolation, tests Routine observations

20. Identify sources Raise replacements Purchase entries from clean herds Test purchased entries Vaccinate purchased entries

21. Isolate purchased entries Reduce commingling Separate carriers/shedders Restrict visitor and vehicle entries Construct buffer zone fencing

22. Who do you contact? Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) 1-800-550-8242 USDA

24. Questions? http://aevm.tamu.edu