1. The Battle Against Disease 4-H Veterinary Science Extension Veterinary Medicine Texas AgriLife Extension Service College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M System http://aevm.tamu.edu

2. Objectives Discuss the history of disease control Discuss infectious disease control Discuss non-infectious disease control Describe the roles of the government agencies that deal with disease control Discuss practices to foster health and well- being of animals

3. History Problems change with time Brucellosis Tuberculosis Foot and mouth disease Types of disease Emerging diseases Endemic diseases Foreign diseases

4. Infectious Diseases Infectious disease Caused by a pathogen that can invade (infect) and then multiply in a susceptible animal Pathogens Bacteria Protozoa Viruses Fungi Rickettsia

5. In short These organisms enter the body of susceptible animals and cause an illness in that animal

6. Concern Movement of animals introduces these pathogens into susceptible populations US constantly on look out TAHC USDA-APHIS USDA-VS

7. Non-Infectious Diseases Non-infectious disease Caused by toxins (chemical poisoning) or by malfunctioning of the body (as nutritional disorders) Result of environmental or behavioral changes

8. In domestic populations Infectious problems reduced Disease Non-infectious problems increased Cancer Heart disease Control Eat healthier foods Smoke less Get more exercise

9. Agency Roles Both state and federal agencies involved Animals State Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) Federal USDA-APHIS People State Texas Department of State Health Services Federal United States Department of Health and Human Services

10. Zoonotic Disease that is shared between animals and people Rabies West nile virus Anthrax Animal and human agencies work together in disease outbreaks

11. Sentinel animals See problems in these animals before see in people

12. Health and Well-Being Preventive health management Vaccinate Biosecurity Cooperation between state and federal agencies

13. Preventive measures Identify reservoirs through surveillance Prevent exposure Develop immunity Provide good nutrition Provide adequate physical activity Develop optimum environmental conditions Develop selection and breeding programs