1. Design Process

2. INTRODUCTION Definition of “ Design ”? Design means to conceive, contrive, or devise the form and structure of a building or other construction. Conceive To form an idea or conception in the mind. Contrive To form in an artistic or ingenious manner. Devise To form in the mind by new combinations or application of existing ideas or principles. Design also means the process of creating, evaluating, selecting and arranging… (United States Government, Printing Office Training, Manual (Circa 1952)

3. Definition of “Design Process”? Design process is a purposeful activity aimed at devising a plan for changing an existing situation into a future preferred state, esp. the cyclical, iterative process comprising the following phases : Process A systematic series of actions or operations leading or directed to a particular end. Phase A particular stage in a process of change or development.

4. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS STAGE 1 : INITIATION (Problem Statement/ Identification) Identifying a problem and its social economic, and physical context. Program: A procedure for solving a problem as a: i) Statement setting forth the context, ii) Conditions, iii) Requirements and, iv) Objectives for a design project.

5. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS STAGE 2 : PREPARATION (Research Finding Design Criteria) Data collecting and analyzing relevant information and establishing goals and criteria for an acceptable solution.  Analysis  Separating of a whole into its constituent parts of elements, esp. as a method of studying the nature of the whole and determining its essential features and their relations. i) Existing concept or, ii) New ideas/ Concepts. Data input Collect & 0rganize data

6. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS Alternative (Several ideas) One of the propositions or courses of action to be chosen from a set of two or more mutually exclusive possibilities. Synthesis Combining of separate, often diverse parts or elements so as to form a single or coherent whole. Hypothesis Formulating a tentative assumption in order to draw out and test its logical or empirical consequences. Conceptualizing the ideas

7. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS 1) Develop:  To work out, expend, or realize the capabilities or possibilities of so as to bring gradually to a fuller or more advanced or effective state. 2) Modify:  To change the form, character, or qualities of in order to give a new orientation to or to serve a new end. 3) Refine:  To improve or elaborate in order to make more fine or precise. Initiating & visualizing idea Improving ideas through studies and creative thinking STAGE 3 : Problem Solution / Solving

8. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS 4) Inflection  A bend, angle, or similar change in the shape of a configuration, by means of which a change of relationship to some context or conditions is indicated. 5) Transformation  The process of changing in form or structure through a series of discrete permutations and manipulations in response to a specific context or set of conditions without a loss of identity or concept.

9. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS (Problem Solution / Solving) cont.  Draft A preliminary version of a plan or design. Rough ideas. Sketches. Fine drawing. 2D drawing.

10. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS STAGE 4 : EVALUATION Simulating, testing and modifying acceptable alternatives according to a specified goals and criteria (Design Criteria). Evaluate  To ascertain or assess the significance, worth, or quality of, usually by careful appraisal and study. Simulate (Visual/ Feel)  To create a likeness or model of something anticipated for testing and evaluation.

11. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS EVALUATION CONT.  Model: (3D)  A miniature representation, usually built to scale, to show the appearance or construction of something.  Test:  To subject a system or process to such conditions or operations as will lead to a critical evaluation of abilities or performance and subsequent acceptance or rejection.  Mock-up: (3D)  A full-sized model of a building or structure, built accurately to scale for study, testing or teaching.

12. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS STAGE 5 : FEEDBACK Evaluative information about an action or process prompting a return to a preceding phase for alteration or correction.

13. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS STAGE 6 : ACTION  Selecting and implementing the most suitable solution.  Through; 1) Communicate/ Discussion: (Getting response) To express, convey, or interchange ideas, information, or like by writing, speaking or through a common system of signs or symbols, esp. In a way that is clearly and readily understood. Ideas is discuss to obtain better opinion and ideas.

14. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS 2) Proposal (Ideas) The offering of a plan for consideration, acceptance, or action. 3) Select To choose from a number of alternatives by fitness or preference. 4) Implement To ensure the fulfillment of by means of a definite plan or procedure.

15. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS STAGE 7 : REEVALUATION  Assessing how well an implemented solution in use satisfies the specified goals and criteria.  Through; 1) Judgment The mental ability to perceive distinctions, comprehend relationships, or distinguish alternatives.

16. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS REEVALUATION CONT. The judgment will be based on; a) Function  The natural or proper action for which something is designed, used, or exists. b)Purpose  The reason for which something exists or is done, made, or used. A functional design meets the human’s need. A design should have a distinctive purpose for human.

17. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS REEVALUATION (cont.) The judgment will be based on; c) Amenity  Any feature that provides or increases comfort, convenience or pleasure. (Ergonomic) d) Economy  Careful, thrifty and efficient use and management of resources (costing, packaging, etc) e) Criterion  A standard, rule, or principle on which a judgment or decision may be based. Comfort is necessary to obtain a better level of usability. Economical factors is crucial to avoid wastage.

18. STAGES IN DESIGN PROCESS STAGE 8 : DATUM / DECISION MAKING An assumed, given, or otherwise determined fact or proposition from which conclusions may be drawn or decisions made. Take into consideration: 1) Dynamics. The pattern of change, growth or development of an object or phenomenon. (Trend) 2) Charrette. An intense effort to complete a design project within a specified time. Also charrette. (Time frame) Design & technology goes hand in hand. A workable design meets the intended date-line.

19. CONCLUSION “You have to doubt all the time, (you have to) feel unsatisfied until, for some reason, and that is the mystery of the design process until you feel it (the solution) is the one that is right”. Mario Bellini “ALL THESE PROCESS NEEDS CREATIVE THINKING”

20. Thank you…