Mass Communication and Technology

Mass Communication and Technology
By: rachel Holscher, Jennifer Ask Heidi Koval Elizabeth Neilson Rebecca Hall Travis Overman Patrick Charmoli By: Rachel Holscher

How has Mass Communication Technologies Affected Our Lives?
As a group we wanted to ask the question “How has mass communication technology impacted your life?”. We started out by providing background information on the progression of these technologies over the years, we then provided general demographic information for popular technologies. We then provide interviews from people of different ages and ethnicities to get a personal look into how our society uses these mass communication technologies and how it affects their lives and the lives of others around them. By: Rachel Holscher

PowerPoint Index Part 1: Mass Communication Timelines- general overview of the evolution of mass communication technologies. Part 2: Mass Communication Demographics- Demographics concerning popular mass media technologies and outlets such as Facebook and Twitter. Part 3: Technology, Mass Communication and Ethnicity- General information concerning mass communication technology use throughout different ethnic groups. Part 4: Technology, Mass Communication and the teaching profession- A look into the use of mass communication technologies and how it has affected the professors that use it. Part 5: Technology and Mass Communication Through The Ages- General look at how mass communication technologies has affected people through different age groups. By: Rachel Holscher

Mass Communication Timelines
By: Rachel Holscher

Internet 1960’s- Internet invented 1972- 1st basic email service
1976- Apple Computers founded 1981- Microsoft creates DOS 1982- Term “Internet” used 1985- Symbolic.com is 1st domain name 1995- Windows and Java created 1999- AOL 2000- Fixed wireless, high-speed Internet technology is now seen. There are 20,000,000 websites on the Internet. 2005- YouTube 2006- There are an estimated 92 million Web sites online 2007- Apple surpasses one billion iTunes downloads billion people use the Internet according to Internet World Stats. By: Rachel Holscher

What the Internet Did for Mass Communication?
The internet allows people around the world to stay in touch with each other by the click of a button. The internet allows people to stay on top of breaking news with instant news alerts from around the world. The internet allows anyone to find answers to any questions they may have. The internet allows for fast easier research, no more card catalogs and shelves of books. By: Rachel Holscher

Telephones 1876- Invention
st irst exchange linking two major cities was established between New York and Boston 1888- Coin Operated Payphones invented 1946- A driver in St. Louis, Mo., placed a phone call, it was the first AT&T mobile telephone call. 1948- wireless telephone service was available in almost 100 cities st commercial touch-tone phones were a big hit in their preview at Seattle World's Fair. st cellular network launched in Japan 1982- Caller ID invented st Cell Phone available 1987- Estimated 1 million cell phone users million cell phone users st Camera cell phone Billion Cell phone users Today- Average person spend 13 hours talking on their cell phones. The age group spends more like 22 hours a month talking on their cell phones. By: Rachel Holscher

Progression of Telephone Through History
Photo provided by Travis Overman

What the Telephone Did for Mass Communication?
The telephone allow people to stay in contact over large distances. The invention of the cell phone allowed people to be in contact with anyone when they were away from home. Cell phones allow people to contact emergency help if they are not by a land line telephone. Cell phones now allow people to listen to music, go on the internet, and text message friends and family. By: Rachel Holscher

Television 1927-The first transmission of a television picture between two widely separated cities. st experimental color television 1930- NBC opened experimental TV station W2XBS in New York 1931- CBS opens similar experimental TV station 1938- NBC station carries the first live, unscheduled coverage of a news event in progress. 1939- TV introduced at the World's Fair 1940- NBC began relaying telecasts to the GE station in Schenectady, thus forming TV's first "network“ 1941-NBC and CBS granted first commercial licenses 1946 Regular network series begin to take a foothold. Network TV's first major series effort was called Hour Glass. Other series debuting in 1946 included You Are an Artist, Geographically Speaking, Television Screen Magazine, Play the Game, Cash and Carry, Face to Face, I Love to Eat, and Faraway Hill By: Rachel Holscher

Television Continued.. 1948- Cable TV introduced as an alternate television service to households where reception of over the air TV signals was poor 1951- West coast is connected to TV network. Television is now nationwide. Mid ‘50s – Compatible color TV introduced st television remote control 1973- First Full Female Nudity on Network TV. 1975- HBO is established 1976 to the beginnings of the satellite TV industry 1986- FOX is launched 1990- Satellite industry marks three millionth unit in use Today- Over 113 million household contain at least 1 television By: Rachel Holscher Photo By: Jennifer Ask

Progression of Television through History
Photo provided by Travis Overman

What has Television done for Mass Communication?
Television allows people to watch the news, movies, and other entertainment shows. The invention of the television has brought on the invention of VCR’s and VHS tapes, DVD’s and DVD players, and now BlueRay Discs and BlueRay Players for entertainment. People can now watch television on their phones, in their cars, or watch movies with a portable DVD player. By: Rachel Holscher

How has Mass Communication Technologies affected today’s society?
With the invention of computers and the telephone, so much time is saved in communicating ideas to other people. There is no longer a wait time for letters to arrive, or a having to wait months to speak with family and friends. Today’s technologies allow society to be instantly connected to one another. News spreads around the world in seconds instead of weeks or months. By: Rachel Holscher

Positive Affects There are many positive aspects to the creation of these technologies, such as vast amounts of resources, the ability to and creating bonds between people and never losing contact with others. The internet provides an enormous collection of resources ranging from news articles, encyclopedias, dictionaries, etc. to games, personal logs, and entertainment sites. Anything anyone is searching for at any given moment is more than likely to show up on the internet. This gives people the convenience of having resourceful information at their fingertips. All they have to do is type keywords into a search engine and millions of websites are listed and give the option to pick and choose which sites fit the topic a person is looking for. This is incredibly useful for projects, reports, essays, etc. especially for students who cannot get to a library. Even libraries publish information online to satisfy the demands for information. By: Rachel Holscher

Negative Affects These technologies have made contacting people much easier; however, who really wants to be contacted every second of every day and never get a minute of solitude? With inventions like the cell phone and the internet, Americans feel obligated to be on call and available at every moment. On average people check their four times a day, whether to stay in contact for their occupation, or with family members; or there is the cell phone which they would feel guilty turning off for fear of panicking a person trying to reach them. These new technologies have put a strain on people, most without even knowing it. Not only do technologies make people feel compelled to be accessible, they generate so much more stress and demand as well. By: Rachel Holscher

Popular Mass Communication Technology Demographics
Young tech elites: comprise 6% of the population and their average age is 22 years old. All of them have internet access and most of them have cell phones, This group heavily participates in online interactivity including: music downloads, participation in online groups, viewing streaming audio and video clips. Seventeen percent of this group has logged on to the internet using a wireless internet connection. Old wired baby boomers: comprise 6% of the population and their average age is 52. This group spends more money online than any other group. They all have internet access and 82% have cell phones. They actively gather information online and use the internet for transactions. Wired GenXers: comprise 18% of the population and their average age is 36. All of them use the internet. Cell phone use is 82%. They also make use of interactive aspects of the internet. Wired Senior Men: comprise only 1% of the population and are very highly educated. Their average age is 70 and they have been online for about 10 years. Online activities include information gathering and online transactions. By: Rachel Holscher

Young Married: comprise 15% of the population and their average age is 24. Internet use is 66%, while 56% have cell phones. Most of them are likely to be married with children. Low-Tech Older Baby Boomers: make up 21% of the population and their average age is 54. Internet use is 51% while more of them (60%) have cell phones. This group has a lower than average education and income. Unwired Baby Boomers: comprise 16% of the population, with an average age of 39. Internet use is 45% and 69% have cell phones. They tend to be married with children and do not have a lot of free time to devote to technology. Low-Tech Elderly: make up 16% of the population and have an average age of 73. Internet use is 12% and 39% of them have a cell phone. This group is oriented to traditional media with 78% watching the news on TV every day. By: Rachel Holscher

Cell Phone and Texting Demographics
Adults in the US who use the text-messaging feature on their cell phone are 49% more likely than the average American to be between age Roughly 48% of adults subscribe to text messaging nationally and they use a wide variety of phone features - such as picture messaging, streaming video and -at a rate higher than that of the average cell user. They are avid technology shoppers and are more likely than the average cell-phone subscriber to live in a household that owns - or plans to buy - a wide variety of hi-tech items, from HDTVs to MP3 players to video game systems. By: Rachel Holscher

Texters are 12% more likely to have attended a professional
They are leading online spenders. One-fifth (20%) of Texters spend more than $1,000 online annually, vs, 17% of all cellular users. Texters are active, on-the-go consumers. They are 37% more likely than all cellular subscribers to have played basketball (as a leisure activity) during the past year; 29% more likely to have gone jogging/running; 29% more likely to have played tennis, and 23% more likely to have practiced yoga. Texters are 12% more likely to have attended a professional sports event, and 57% more likely to have gone to an R&B, rap or hip-hop concert during the past year. By: Rachel Holscher Photo By: Jennifer Ask

Blogging Demographics
In July 2003 BlogCensus suggested that there were 701,150 that the consider the be” blogs”. The typical blog is written by a teenage girl who uses it twice a month to update her friends and classmates on happenings in her life. Teenagers have created the majority of blogs. Blogs are currently the province of the young, with 92.4% of blogs created by people under the age of 30. Half of bloggers are between the ages of 13 and 19. Following this age group, 39.6% of bloggers are between the ages of 20 and 29. The study also suggests that males were more likely than females to abandon blogs, with 46.4% of abandoned blogs created by males (versus 40.7% of active blogs created by males). By: Rachel Holscher Photo By: Jennifer Ask

Facebook and YouTube Demographics
Facebook Demographics 1% of age % of age % of age % of age % of age 50+ Youtube Demographics 3% of age % of age % of age % of age % of age 50+ By: Rachel Holscher

Twitter Demographics By: Rachel Holscher
Twitterers are almost twice as likely to own smartphones than Internet users. Top two phones include BlackBerry (15%) and iPhone (10%). Twitter users have advanced mobile behavior: 1/2 take photos, 1/3 go online and 20% play games regularly. About 25% of Twitter users update some type of social networking status regularly via their mobile phone. Gender: Male = 55% Female = 45% Age = 5% = -30% = 20% = +25% 50+ = +20% By: Rachel Holscher

Digital music players Demographics
27% of all Internet users currently own one or more music player. Online music player owners are slightly more likely to be male (53%) and more than 1/3 (37%) are between the ages of They are nearly twice as likely as the typical Internet user to be enrolled as full-time college students. They are more than twice as likely as the norm to own Web-enabled video game consoles, 80% more likely to own a satellite radio system and 57% more likely than the norm to own a plasma/ flat screen TV. Age demographic studies reveal that 14% of people between have iPods; as do 11% of those between Just 9% of year olds and 6% of those aged between have an Apple music player. Finally, 6% of those 60-69 have them, while 1 per cent of those 70 and older have them. Photo By: Jennifer Ask By: Rachel Holscher

Bibligraphy "The Demographics of Technology Users." KhalsaWeb: Helping You to Realize the Power of the Web KhalsaWeb, Web. 22 Sep < "Texters Young, Culturally Diverse, Online Spenders." Marketing Charts. 08/11/2008. Ad Tech New York, Web. 22 Sep < Bruce Arnold, . "blog statistics and demographics." Caslon Analytics Blogging. 09/2008. Caslon Analytics, Web. 22 Sep codemechanic, . "Youtube user demographics vs Face book user demographics." CodeLathe Blog FUTURE ENGINEERING. 02/10/2008. Web. 22 Sep < By: Rachel Holscher

Bibliography continued
Macword Staff, . "iPod owner demographic data." Macworld. 26/07/2005. Macworld Online, Web. 21 Sep < "Study looks at iPod owners’ demographics, interests, media usage habits." MacDailyNews. 17/11/2006. Mac Daily News Online, Web. 21 Sep < Brian Solis, . "Is Twitter Evolving from the Facebook to the Myspace of Microblogs? Analyzing Twitter trends and demographics." PR-The Future Of Communication Starts Here. 04/06/2009. PR 2.0, Web. 21 Sep < By: Rachel Holscher

Bibliography "Brief Timeline of the Internet." Webopedia. 24/05/2007. WebMediaBrands, Inc., Web. 22 Sep < "Invention of the Telephone." Idea Finder. 11/01/2006. The Great Idea Finder, Web. 22 Sep < "The History of Film, Television & Video." High Tech Products High-Tech Productions, Web. 22 Sep < PEG GALLOS, . "Society Explores How Technology Affects Society." The Institute. 06/04/2004. IEEE Intellectual Property, Web. 22 Sep < By: Rachel Holscher

Technology, Mass Communication and Ethnicity
By: Rebecca Hall

African American viewpoint of Mass Communications
Do you feel your culture is equally represented on television or within the Mass Media in the American Culture? It’s getting there They say they try but realistically, NO Not even close Discrimination to it’s fullest How would you prefer or would you prefer a different image of your culture in the Mass Media in the American Culture? The true history of what African Americans provided for the mass media Positive images of Americans Stopping the prejudice attitudes and beliefs Stopping the actions and beliefs of discrimination Destroying the negative images of African Americans More than one channel dedicated to African Americans Do you believe the Mass Media is productive at portraying your cultures’ image from a positive stand point? No we always been portrayed negatively in the Mass Media Not even close Racist and Discrimintory images Oppressed to its fullest By: Rebecca Hall General Public Survey

African American viewpoint of Mass Communications
Do you believe the Mass Media in the American culture provides a positive educational view of your culture? Absolutely not There is no education in the African American Culture No Education Background How would you like to see changes of you culture in the American Mass Media representation? Positive images of our Culture in the media More channels available The discrete use of images, stereotypes and behaviors used towards our culture Force of assimilations within our parts in the media Positive images to instill in the younger generations By: Rebecca Hall General Public Survey

Native Americans viewpoint on Mass Communications
Do you feel your culture is equally represented on television or within the Mass Media in the American Culture? No They don’t talk about much with the Native’s culture What you do see seems to be negative No true education to the American Culture How would you prefer or would you prefer a different image of your culture in the Mass Media in the American Culture? Positive images of the Native Americans True history of Native Americans Struggles of the Native Americans Banishment of Tribal use of names Do you believe the Mass Media is productive at portraying your cultures’ image from a positive stand point? Not at all Could be more positive aspects of life Shows only negative images Nothing for my children to see a positive image of themselves

Native Americans viewpoint on Mass Communications
Do you believe the Mass Media in the American culture provides a positive educational view of your culture? No Educational viewpoint of the Native Americans No Education Might show a clip of a Pow-Wow ceremony on the news (30 seconds) How would you like to see changes of you culture in the American Mass Media representation? Not only the negatives stereo-types in the news Education on Native Americans Positivity of the Native Americans Culture By: Rebecca Hall General Public Survey

Mexican Americans viewpoint of Mass Communications
Do you believe the Mass Media in the American culture provides a positive educational view of your culture? To some extent No Kind of Yes, I do believe so How would you like to see changes of you culture in the American Mass Media representation? See positive images instilled in the American Society Non racist images Available to all media stations not just selected channels Changes in Stereotypes or attitudes By: Rebecca Hall General Public Survey

Mexican Americans viewpoint of Mass Communications
Do you feel your culture is equally represented on television or within the Mass Media in the American Culture? No I wish they would portray Mexican Americans more positively Unequal power in control issues Only have select channels available in Spanish Negative stereo types How would you prefer or would you prefer a different image of your culture in the Mass Media in the American Culture? Would prefer positive images of there culture See more images of us Have our children see there self image Shows available about whom we are No Prejudice Believes of who we are or what are customs are Do you believe the Mass Media is productive at portraying your cultures’ image from a positive stand point? They try but when the media controlled by the dominant society it’s hard to change Not at all Stereotypes only By: Rebecca Hall General Public Survey

Undocumented & Documented Immigrants viewpoint on Mass Communications
Do you feel your culture is equally represented on television or within the Mass Media in the American Culture? Nothing is represented within our culture Negative images War Zone Hatred How would you prefer or would you prefer a different image of your culture in the Mass Media in the American Culture? Education of Whom we are To be seen within the American Not just in poverty For our children to see positivity of themselves By: Rebecca Hall General Public Survey

Undocumented & Documented Immigrants viewpoint on Mass Communications
Do you believe the Mass Media is productive at portraying your cultures’ image from a positive stand point? No not at all It’s America they don’t have to I don’t personally see any positive images We are lucky to see our selves or any one who looks like us Do you believe the Mass Media in American culture provides a positive educational view of your culture? No Education of our Culture Why would the American culture educated about us? Soccer or sports activities only Don’t see anything positive How would you like to see changes of you culture in the American Mass Media representation? Be Seen Show something to relate to positively Not just about the war Shows promoting positive images Not just about being legal or illegal By: Rebecca Hall General Public Survey

Advantages or Disadvantages of Mass Communications
Positives Negatives Awareness of other cultures to a minimum. Exposure of other cultures is limited. Cultural Channels available on Television. Internet opens doors for cultural diversity issues. Radio has station available in other languages. (Satellite Radio). By: Rebecca Hall White dominant Society stay in power. Oppression continues in the Media. Prejudice continues to exist in the Media. Unequal Power relations. Racism exist through the Media

Technology, Mass Communication and the Teaching Profession
By: Patrick Charmoli

Interview Professor James Heiman How old were you when you first started using technology? Because I consider technology as any sort of tool (including physical objects or even language) that allows humans to perform a task, I’d say that I was probably 1 or 2 when I first used technology on a regular basis. How old are you now? I am 39 years old. By: Patrick Charmoli

Interview By: Patrick Charmoli
How do you feel about technology in general? I have mixed feelings. The scholar Walter Ong wrote “Technologies are artificial, but...artificiality is natural to human beings. Technology, properly interiorized, does not degrade human life but on the contrary enhances it.” The key to Ong’s claim is to properly interiorize—that is, to critically understand and process—the use and impact of our tools. Technology permits us to do some pedestrian or labor-intensive tasks much more efficiently, allows us to do things we didn’t think could be done, and enables us to discover new opportunities that we didn’t know existed. On the other hand, all technologies come at a price with both expected and unexpected consequences that cause harm in many different forms. Technologies change so fast now that we don’t have time to adjust to the new way of doing things because an even newer way replaces it before we are acclimated to it. Media scholar Marshall McLuhan writes about the psychic upheaval we experience when we don’t have the chance to reconcile new technologies with those they replace. He goes so far as to speculate that much of the violence that we experience in our “global village” is a result of this internal strife due to changing technologies. I’m not sure if I buy this (over-generalized) argument, but I do think that the ever-changing, break-neck pace of emerging technologies does some damage to us in many ways. By: Patrick Charmoli

Interview By: Patrick Charmoli
Have you had to transition into new technology? Why or why not? We are always transitioning into new technology because new tools and ways of using those tools (and the subsequent problems created by old and new technologies alike) are constantly introduced to us in all areas of our life. The proliferation of technology is unavoidable as is the never-ending transitioning process. How do you think technological advances affect mass communication? How do they not? When I teach about technology in my English 191 course, it seems that the majority of students define technology as mass communication media and media devices—TVs, DVD players, iPods and mp3 players, computers, the internet, movies, etc. Our economy and national/individual identity is so tied into our gadgets and the marketplace. Technology is obviously much more than the things we buy, but I think that’s how most Americans experience technology directly. Few remember (or even realize) that a pencil and paper are technologies. But those technologies do little on a mass level. Though radio and print remain (and will likely remain for a long time), they compete with TV and the internet. With portable devices such as laptops and iPhone/Blackberry devices, it seems the “mass” part of mass communication is more pervasive in our everyday activities, in every minute of our lives, now more than ever. And the trend suggests that it is only going to get worse. By: Patrick Charmoli

Do you have any concerns over how pervasive technology is in our lives and the fact that we are always being solicited via mass media? I think I touched upon this in my response to the previous question. I do think it’s a problem when we feel we have to be constantly “plugged in” or else we feel out of the loop or disconnected from the world, life. It is highly intrusive when there is a TV (usually many TVs) on at most places I visit during the day. Everywhere I go in public, I see people on a cell phone, listening to an iPod, or staring at a computer screen; they are interacting with someone or something other than who or what is immediately in front of them. It removes us from the “now.” As a result, it seems we’re disconnected from “real” life; the “virtual” life we create seems to have taken over. (BTW, I am just as guilty of removing myself from my environment as everyone else that I see. I realize that I am hooked and part of the problem.) What do you consider to be the most important technological breakthrough in terms of how humans communicate with each other? In graduate school, we talked about the alphabet—especially one with a vowel system—as a technology. Today, I think that the vowelled alphabet is the most basic and most significant technological communication breakthrough we will ever know. By: Patrick Charmoli

How does technology affect the way you teach and run the classroom
How does technology affect the way you teach and run the classroom? Pros and cons to that? If we don’t count language, pens, paper, books, and chalk as technology—or at least the sort of technology that I think that you’re trying to get at in this question—and focus more on electronic media forms, I can confidently say that my pedagogy has been greatly altered and shaped by technology. I started teaching with computers in the classroom in Fall 1997 and used them intermittently when I had the chance. By Fall 2002, I began requesting to teach in a computer classroom and I felt handicapped when I couldn’t teach in one. Since arriving at SCSU in Fall 2005, I have been fortunate to have taught all but one course in a computer classroom. Though I am obviously capable of teaching in a traditional classroom (either with no computer or in only a “smart” classroom with media devices only for the instructor), it would be difficult not to have computers in my courses. For me, it has become nearly impossible (and in some ways counter-productive) to separate writing in a writing course from the computer. From composing to research, transmission to publication, computers are essential to our writing processes. I do my best to augment lecture and reading with in-class assignments that incorporate multimedia artifacts—movies on DVD, YouTube videos, images on websites—along with online course management and electronic feedback. Because of technology, I have nearly eliminated the use of any paper in my courses. I can communicate to students changes in assignments, correct mistakes, respond to questions, arrange F2F meetings, at any time outside of the classroom. But it is a lot of work. Though my ability to teach is somewhat improved because I am better able to communicate myself as well as communicate the content of the course, it takes nearly twice the amount of the time today to prepare, maintain, grade, organize, archive, and delete files, documents, and other artifacts used in the course than when I wasn’t so technologically By: Patrick Charmoli

Mass Communication and Technology

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