1. Biochips Using Biochips as an Alternative to Current Biometric Identification Techniques December 16, 2006 Team 2 Members John Casarella Dave Fronckowiak Larry Immohr Sandy Westcott

2. Outline Introduction What are biochips? Statement of the problem Relevance of the work Research questions Relevance of the Work Research Questions Relevance of the Research in the context of other work Methodology Discussion of Expectations Conclusion

3. Introduction What are biochips?  Biochips are a family of products that form a technology platform  Biochips include: Implanted RFID devices the size of a grain of rice for identification also known as implant chips. Microarray devices also known as protein chips. Brain chip devices which can record neural signals. Porous silicon which can be used to produce devices which can replace damaged tissue.

4. Introduction (cont.) Statement of the problem  Many forms of biometrics can produce false rejects due to normal variations such as aging or physical ailments.  Therefore, a simple, effective, and alternate biometric identification method is needed.

5. Relevance of the Work Relevance of the work Many forms of biometrics can produce false rejects due to normal variations Having a cold Aging Weight gain or loss The use of DNA in a simple test may be an alternate identification technique Combine the protein chip and the implant chip with the addition of a password or PIN to create a three layer security scheme. Something you know (PIN) Something you are (DNA) Something you have (Implant chip )

6. Research Questions 1)Can the combination of protein and implant chips be used for identification purposes? 2)How do biochips compare to biometrics with respect to ease of use, timeliness of results, and reliability over time? 3)What are the database implications of using such a technology? 4)What are the ethical implications of using a person’s DNA sample to verify their identity? 5)What are the social and privacy implications? 6)Is this capability technically possible today? 7)Would the cost of implementation be prohibitive?

7. Relevance of the Research in the Context of other Work Advantages of this type of system: 1)Easy sample prep and standard protocol 2)Portable biochip reader 3)Automated software for identifying and reporting 4)Tailoring of biochips to meet individual needs 5)Resolution of thousands of diagnostic tests Disadvantages of this type of system: 1)Time to complete identification process 2)Ethical issues when storing personal traits 3)Database management and search

8. Methodology Review the current biochip applications Develop a prototype design of the biochip identification system based upon the Argonne National Laboratories protein chip reader. Survey experts on the use of protein chips for individual identification for security purposes.

9. Discussion and Expectations Specialized protein chips may be used to test DNA samples as a form of identification. This technology may be used alone or in conjunction with implanted chips to produce a highly effective security solution. Through this research, it is believed that the use of protein chips will be a feasible alternative to current biometric identification techniques.

10. Conclusions Biochips are one of the latest emerging technologies. The use of biochips may pose an alternative to biometric identification. As mentioned in the “Guide to Biometrics”, DNA identification is the ultimate biometric.